“…A fundamental element of criticism for such land deals is that the land often remains fallow (Figure 1), indicating that, while the local communities lose access to ecosystem services and natural resources, no new jobs or business opportunities are created (e.g., Deininger & Byerlee, 2011). Further, even in concession areas that are actively utilized by investors, the food produced in the acquired land is many times exported to the investor's countryalthough there are certainly exceptions (Lisk, 2013)or sold in the international food market at prices that are not affordable for the local community particularly during food crises (Chinsinga et al, 2013;Lavers, 2012). To date, however, quantitative assessments of the impact of land investments on economic development, crop exports, food security, and agricultural production in target countries are still missing.…”