“…Moreover, as war on the Eastern Front unfolded, news filtered back from the front lines that Eastern European Jews, exhausted by Russian anti-Jewish violence welcomed the Central Powers' forces with enthusiasm, as Bodenheimer had predicted. 5 However, in 1916, as the German army faced staggering losses, the Central Powers adopted a new strategy: promising the creation of a Polish nation 6 to garner support from Polish volunteer soldiers. 7 With this, the plans for an East European Federation supported by a German-Jewish alliance, faded into oblivion.…”