The Political and Social Foundations of Germany's Economic Mobilization, 1914-1916

German Politics and the 'Jewish Question', 1914–1919

“…4 Under Section 9, on the admission of Jews into public service and government office, the edict intimated the future promise of regulation by law, although this was not granted until the constitutional charter of Prussia in 1848. 5 Thus, in 1842, the subject of full Jewish emancipation had not yet been concluded.…”

“…4 Mahler, Jewish Emancipation, 32-35. 5 Ibid. 6 Toury, '"The Jewish Question" A Semantic Approach', 93.…”

“…Moreover, as war on the Eastern Front unfolded, news filtered back from the front lines that Eastern European Jews, exhausted by Russian anti-Jewish violence welcomed the Central Powers' forces with enthusiasm, as Bodenheimer had predicted. 5 However, in 1916, as the German army faced staggering losses, the Central Powers adopted a new strategy: promising the creation of a Polish nation 6 to garner support from Polish volunteer soldiers. 7 With this, the plans for an East European Federation supported by a German-Jewish alliance, faded into oblivion.…”

“…After 1848, however, the suppression of the revolutions brought a series of reactionary measures which included revoking or limiting Jewish rights. 5 When the Jewish Question (Judenfrage) first appeared in print in 1838 and reached prominence as a popular catchword in 1842, it concerned the question of the legal equality of Jews in the Prussian state. 6 By 1871, after years of advances and set-backs in the struggle for emancipation, the Jewish Question in Germany, had effectively been resolved.…”

“…On the 22 April 1871 Jews in all of Germany were emancipated when the constitution was extended to Bavaria. 5 For a list of these emancipation edicts and which German states later rescinded these rights see Raphael Mahler, Jewish Emancipation: A Selection of Documents, Pamphlet Series Jews and the Post-War World 1 (New York: American Jewish Committee, 1942). 6 Jacob Toury, '"The Jewish Question" A Semantic Approach', The Leo Baeck Institute Year Book 11, no.…”