2017
DOI: 10.23858/fah30.2017.003
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The Polish court banner in the Moldavian expedition in 1497

Abstract: Abstract:The paper discusses the expedition of the kingdom of Poland to Moldavia in 1497. The army of 50,000 included a detachment of courtiers (curienses) who were organised as the so-called court banner. It was a kind of royal guard of up to 2000 men. The army, led by the Polish king John I albert, set off at the beginning of June from Lviv, and on 24 september the troops began a siege of suceava, the capital of Moldavia. a well-fortified city was not captured and on 19 October the siege ended. during the re… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…I will dub the type of flails used in this conflict as weaponised threshing flails, reflecting the similarity in design to the farming tool with adaption for greater lethality. Depictions of weapons evidently derived from threshing flails appear from around the turn of the 14th into the 15th centuries (Snook 1979;Tihle 2017;DeVries and Smith 2012;Sturtevant 2017;Grabarczyk 2000). This "weaponisation" appears to have been achieved in a similar manner to earlier warclubs (see folio from Moniage de Guillaume and ) (Tzouriadis and Deacon 2020;Tzouriadis 2017), via the addition of iron or copper nails as force concentrators, rather than relying purely on the bludgeoning effect of the wooden head, though more elaborate designs with all-metal heads were certainly produced, and perhaps used by the Mongols (Moreno 2015;Kuleshov 2019).…”
Section: The Weaponisation Of Threshing Flails In the Later Medieval ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…I will dub the type of flails used in this conflict as weaponised threshing flails, reflecting the similarity in design to the farming tool with adaption for greater lethality. Depictions of weapons evidently derived from threshing flails appear from around the turn of the 14th into the 15th centuries (Snook 1979;Tihle 2017;DeVries and Smith 2012;Sturtevant 2017;Grabarczyk 2000). This "weaponisation" appears to have been achieved in a similar manner to earlier warclubs (see folio from Moniage de Guillaume and ) (Tzouriadis and Deacon 2020;Tzouriadis 2017), via the addition of iron or copper nails as force concentrators, rather than relying purely on the bludgeoning effect of the wooden head, though more elaborate designs with all-metal heads were certainly produced, and perhaps used by the Mongols (Moreno 2015;Kuleshov 2019).…”
Section: The Weaponisation Of Threshing Flails In the Later Medieval ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several wagons would then form a circle to create the Wagenburg, from which the Hussites would fight as a makeshift fortress (McLachlan 2011; Górski and Wilczy ńska 2012). In this setting, the flails are believed to have been primarily defensive in nature, and given the inability to use a shield, some degree of body armour was also worn by their wielders (Grabarczyk 2000). Women may also have been part of the crews (Moreno 2015).…”
Section: The Weaponisation Of Threshing Flails In the Later Medieval ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Depictions of weapons evidently derived from threshing flails appear from around the turn of the 14 th into the 15 th Centuries. (Snook, 1979;Tihle, 2017;DeVries and Smith, 2012;Sturtevant, 2017;Grabarczyk, 2000) This "weaponisation" appears to have been achieved in a similar manner to earlier warclubs (see folio from Moniage de Guillaume and Figure 1), (Tzouriadis and Deacon, 2020; Tzouriadis, 2017) via the addition of iron or copper nails as force concentrators, rather than relying purely on the bludgeoning effect of the wooden head, though more elaborate designs with all-metal heads were certainly produced. (Moreno, 2015) As long, unwieldy, two-handed weapons, these are nearly always depicted being used by infantry, with several "fight manuals", such as works of the Germans Hans Talhoffer (MS Thott 290 2 o , 1459, see Link), (Hull, 2007 The former and the halberd are wielded by men riding a war wagon, possibly of Hussite origin, as these types of flail were popular amongst the Hussites during their prolonged struggle for independence, (Lawrynowicz and Nowakowski, 2008;Bena, 2014;Gorski and Wilczynska, 2012) along with a plethora of other weaponry.…”
Section: The Weaponisation Of Threshing Flails In the Later Medieval ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…(McLachlan, 2011; Gorski and Wilczynska, 2012) In this setting, the flails are believed to have been primarily defensive in nature, and given the inability to use a shield, some degree of body armour was also worn. (Grabarczyk, 2000) Women may also have been part of the crews. (Moreno, 2015) Skulls found in the modern-day Czech Republic and Slovakia with depressed skull fractures verify the effectiveness of flails on the battlefield (Warner, 1968) -as Osgood describes it (Osgood, 2005):…”
Section: The Weaponisation Of Threshing Flails In the Later Medieval ...mentioning
confidence: 99%