The polarographic determination of dimetridazole in animal feeding stuffs

Abstract

It has been found that the reduction wave associated with dimetridazole in saturated borax solution is enhanced by copper, and that this enhancement is dependent upon the amount of copper in solution. A method is described in which this effect is eliminated.THE polarographic determination of dimetridazole, 1,2-dimethy1-5-nitroimidazole, has been described by Kanel and by Daftsios.2 Kane examined polarographically feed extracts in saturated borax solution from -0.3 to -1.0 volt with a silver-wire anode. He reported that unmedicated feed did not contain any interfering substances but that electro-inactive material depressed the diffusion current by 30 to 35 per cent. Rectilinearity of the diffusioncurrentconcentration relationship was, however, maintained. Recoveries were better than 90 per cent.Daftsios used methanol extracts from feed samples, which, after chromatographic separation, were dissolved in acid solution and examined polarographically from -0-3 to -1.05 volts, with a mercury-pool anode. Chromatographic purification was effective in removing those materials which caused the depression of diffusion currents reported by Kane, and Daftsios reported that the peak heights from samples extracted from medicated feeds were the same as those of pure standards of the same concentration. Polarograms for unmedicated feeds showed no response. Recoveries by the method were good, averaging 98.5 per cent., with a standard deviation of 0.98, on the three feeds tested.In spite of the slightly lower recoveries, Kane's method has the advantage of greater speed and simplicity and this method was chosen for further study by the Prophylactics in Animal Feeds Sub-committee of the Analytical Methods Committee. Three test samples of feed were examined and although agreement was good on two samples, one sample gave consistently high results in certain laboratories. In the authors' laboratories, recoveries of 200 per cent. of dimetridazole were repeatedly obtained with a Davis cathode-ray polarograph. The phenomenon reported by Kane was also observed, i.e., the suppression of peak height in feed extract solutions, compared to the peak height observed in simple aqueous solution. Solutions examined were saturated with borax and determined polarographically from -0-5 to -1-0 volt. The peak potential was -0.85 volt and the peak height in feed solution was 22,000 units compared to a height of 62,000 units for the same concentration of dimetridazole in water.The effect of metal ions on the wave was investigated in an attempt to find the interference that led to high results. By chance, copper was the first element selected for examination and it was found that the element had a marked effect, not only on peak height, but also on the background to the peak. The former was considerably increased and the latter was changed from a flat or, at most, gently rising line to a sharply rising and sometimes stepped slope. The effect of these two interferences on the quantitative determination of dimetridazole in the presence of copper is shown in ...

One-Pot Biosynthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide/Prussian Blue Microcubes Composite and Its Sensitive Detection of Prophylactic Drug Dimetridazole

“…The rGO/PB MCs/SPCE exhibited excellent electrocatalytic property toward DMZ reduction, and the sensor enactment was moreover better or equivalent to the literature. 6,20,22,[24][25][26][27][28] The assay procedure was simple, reckless, and reproducible. This technique tends to be useful in the detection of DMZ contained in the samples of milk and egg.…”

Organic polarography

“…A variety of drugs and related compounds and pesticides containing the nitro group were analyzed by polarography. The methods described were the analysis of Karathane [2,4-dinitro-6-(2-octyl) phenyl crotonate] on apple tree leaves (992), 3-(5-nitrofurfurylidene)-3-oxazolidone in drugs (1256), nitrofurazone and furazolidone in medicated feeds (381), dimetridazole [1,2dimethyl-3-nitroimidazole] in animal feed stuffs (241), and dinitro-o-cresol in blood, lungs, heart, and other organs (653). Other procedures reported were the analyses of 2-methyl-3-nitro-4-(methoxymethyl) --cyano-6-chloropyridine (692), of 2,4-dinitrophenyl groups in the presence of antibodies (1453)(1454)(1455)(1456), of the drug Nitrazepam (1,3-dihydro-7-nitro -5phenyl -2H -1,4 -benzodiazepin-2-one) (947), of thiophos (0,0-di- dichloro -N -[ßhydroxy -a-(hydroxymethyl)p -nitrophenethyl ] -acetamide} in several commercial ointments (1100), of nitrofurantoin and A7-(5-nitro-2furfurylideneamino) -2 -imidazoline (595), and of p-nitrophenol and methyl parathion mixtures (527).…”

Determination of ronidazole in swine tissues by differential pulse polarography

“…These include colorimetric methods based on reduction of the nitro group to the corresponding amine, followed by diazotization and coupling reactions to form colored products ( The TLC and polarographic systems were the same as described in the procedure section. al., 1939;Stambaugh and Manthei, 1967); polarographic methods based on the electrolytic reduction of the nitro group (Cooper and Hoodless, 1967;Allen and McLoughlin, 1972;Laviron, 1963); an absorptiometric method (Lau et al, 1969); and gas-liquid chromatography (VandenHeuvel, 1971;MacDonald et al, 1971). Only thin-layer chromatography coupled with either gas chromatography using electron capture detection or differential pulse polarography has been successful in providing the necessary sensitivity and specificity for determination of ronidazole at parts per billion levels.…”