The polar cluster like behavior in Ti4+ substituted BaZrO3 ceramics

Maiti, Tanmoy; Alberta, Edward F.; Guo, Ruyan; Bhalla, A. S.

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2006.03.130

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This extra band had already been observed with a weaker intensity in less Zr-rich compounds and it had been described as a clear signature of the relaxor phase. [27] This observation agreed well with our recent results [7,8] in Zr-rich BaZr x Ti 1−x O 3 (0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1.00) compositions, in which it had been shown from dielectric measurements that there was a gradual evolution of relaxor behavior from nonpolar BaZrO 3 with increasing Ti 4+ addition, and that compositions with x = 0.6 and 0.5 showed classical relaxor behavior (typical dielectric behavior is shown in Fig. 3 for BZT compositions with x = 0.5 and 0.6, as an example).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…BaZrO 3 has the simple perovskite structure with a relatively large lattice constant, as well as smaller thermal expansion coefficient and lower dielectric constant and dielectric loss as compared to BT. A polar-cluster-like behavior [7] has been speculated in the BZT solid solution system (0.80 ≤ x ≤ 1.00) by proposing the introduction of polar clusters of BT into the matrix of BaZrO 3 , which breaks the long-range translational symmetry of BaZrO 3 . With further increase in Ti concentration (0.50 ≤ x ≤ 0.75), a gradual evolution of relaxor behavior has been observed in BZT solid solution, which eventually became a complete relaxor for compositions with x = 0.60 and 0.50.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Raman spectral studies of Zr⁴⁺‐rich BaZr_xTi_1−xO₃(0.5⩽x⩽1.00) phase diagram

Karan

Katiyar

Maiti

et al. 2008

J Raman Spectroscopy

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106

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This paper reports a systematic study of the composition and the temperature-dependent-Raman spectra of Zr 4+ -rich BaZr x Ti 1−x O 3 (BZT) ceramic compositions (0.50 ≤ x ≤ 1.00). On the basis of the dielectric behavior of Zr rich BZT ceramics, the observed relaxor behavior has been hypothesized as a result of increasing long-range interactions of nanosized, Ti 4+ -rich polar regions in a Zr 4+ -rich nonpolar matrix. Beyond an optimum concentration of BaTiO 3 (BT) in the nonpolar matrix of BaZrO 3 (x ≤ 0.75), a critical size and density of the polar regions is reached when the polar clusters start showing the relaxor like behavior, which finally show classical relaxor behavior for compositions with x = 0.5 and 0.6. This hypothesis is strongly supported from the Raman data on Zr-rich BZT presented in this paper. Well-defined BT Raman spectra for 5% BT in BZT composition were recorded, which followed completely up to the 50% Ti addition in the BZT samples. The temperaturedependent Raman spectra collected on the BZT ceramics far beyond the dielectric transition temperatures supported the existence of the nano-polar BT regions, like in typical relaxor samples. The full width at half-maximum (FWHM), integrated intensity of the peaks in the Raman spectra has been analyzed to further support the conclusions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectral studies of Zr⁴⁺‐rich BaZr_xTi_1−xO₃(0.5⩽x⩽1.00) phase diagram

Karan

Katiyar

Maiti

et al. 2008

J Raman Spectroscopy

Self Cite

106

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“…Meanwhile relaxor behaviour was correlated with non-isovalent cation clustering in B position for PMN based ceramics (lead magnesium niobates), 14 and polar cluster like behaviour in Ti +4 substituted BaZrO 3 ceramics. 15 Fig . 7 shows the P-E hysteresis loops of S and NS that show a typical ferroelectric polarization hysteresis loops at room temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering and properties of lead-free (K,Na,Li)(Nb,Ta,Sb)O3 ceramics

Rubio-Marcos

Ochoa

Fernández

2007

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

180

109

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“…On the other hand, in the polar [TiO 6 ] clusters, the Ti atoms are slightly displaced along the [001] direction (z-axis) [47]. This displacement or distortion can be arising from the covalent character between the OeTieO bonds (directional orientations) [48,49]. Analyzing only the lattice modifiers, each Ba atom is bonded to the twelve O (radial orientations) in a dodecahedral configuration ([BaO 12 ] clusters) ( Fig.…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%