The Pliocene and Quaternary fluvial archives of the Rhine system

Boenigk, Wolfgang; Frechen, Manfred

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2005.01.018

Cited by 115 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The Oude IJssel valley has formed as the product of deglaciation in the Saalian (Thomé, 1959;Van de Meene & Zagwijn, 1978;Klostermann, 1992;Busschers et al, 2008). The valley is located in the hinge zone area of the North Sea Basin (Cohen et al, 2002), on a relative stable block on the very northeastern edge of the Roer Valley Graben Rift System (Van Balen et al, 2005), the tectonic structure that hosts the Lower Rhine Embayment (Boenigk & Frechen, 2006). (Central Rhine, Niers-Rhine and Oude IJssel-Rhine) in the apex of the Erkens et al, 2011).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-driven fluvial development and valley abandonment at the last glacial-interglacial transition (Oude IJssel-Rhine, Germany)

Janssens

Kasse

Bohncke

et al. 2012

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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Although numerous studies have been performed on fluvial system change over the last glacial-interglacial transition, the response of river systems to allogenic (climate) and autogenic forcing mechanisms and timing of this response are still not completely understood (e.g. Starkel, 1983;Vandenberghe et al., 1995;Rose, 1995;Blum & Törnqvist, 2000;Gibbard & Lewin, 2002;Vandenberghe, 2008;Erkens, 2009). The valleys of the Rhine and the Maas in the Lower Rhine Embayment have a long research history on this topic (Pons,1957;Van de Meene, 1977;Verbraeck, 1984;Klostermann, 1992;Schirmer, 1995;Berendsen & Stouthamer, 2001;Cohen et al., 2002;Busschers et al., 2007;Erkens et al., 2011). In this area, a well-preserved terraced morphology exists, with OSL-datable fluvial sequences with aeolian cover and with palaeochannel fills that allow vegetation AbstractIn the Weichselian, the Lower Rhine in the Dutch-German border region has used three courses, dissecting ice-marginal topography inherited from the Saalian. In the Late Weichselian, the three courses functioned simultaneously, with the central one gaining importance and the outer ones abandoning. This study aims to reconstruct the fluvial development and forcings that culminated in abandonment of the northern branch 'Oude IJssel-Rhine', at the time of the Lateglacial to Holocene transition. The fluvial architecture is studied using a cored transect over the full width of the valley, detailed cross-sections over palaeochannels and geomorphological analysis using digital elevation and borehole data. Biostratigraphy, radiocarbon dating and OSL dating provide a timeframe to reconstruct the temporal fluvial development. In its phase of abandonment, the fluvial evolution of the Oude IJssel-Rhine course is controlled by the ameliorating climate and related vegetation and discharge changes, besides by intrinsic (autogenic) fluvial behaviour such as the competition for discharge with the winning central branch and the vicinity of the Lippe tributary confluence. The rapid climate warming at the start of the Late Glacial resulted in flow contraction as the initial response. Other fluvial geomorphic adjustments followed, with some delay. An aggrading braided or transitional system persisted until the start of the Allerød, when channel patterns finally changed to meandering. Floodplain incision occurred at the Allerød -Younger Dryas transition and a multi-channel system developed fed by Rhine discharge. At the start of the Holocene, this system transformed into a small-scale, local meandering system, which was abandoned shortly after the start of the Holocene.The final abandonment of the Oude IJssel-Rhine and Niers-Rhine courses can be attributed to deep incision of the Central Rhine course in the earliest Holocene and is considered to be controlled by flow contraction induced by climate and related vegetation and discharge changes.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-driven fluvial development and valley abandonment at the last glacial-interglacial transition (Oude IJssel-Rhine, Germany)

Janssens

Kasse

Bohncke

et al. 2012

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

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“…Moreover, the lowermost sample that derived from the fluvial terrace at the bottom of the section and that was dedicated to MIS 6 (e.g. Bibus, 1980;Boenigk and Frechen, 2006;Frechen and Schirmer, 2011;Schirmer, 2012) yielded a quartz age of 67 ± 8 ka (C-L2930). Compared with the existing chronostratigraphy, the quartz ages from the lower parts of the drill core were clearly younger than expected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transition from the Weichselian Lower Terrace to the loess covered Middle Terrace (dedicated to the penultimate glaciation, eg. Bibus, 1980;Schirmer, 1990;Boenigk and Frechen, 2006) north of the Ahr River is marked by a distinctive slope. The loess covered Middle Terrace is dissected by several dry valleys.…”

Section: Sampling Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…which fits well with the elevation of 79 m a.s.l. given by Boenigk and Frechen (2006) for the top of the Lower Middle Terrace (LMT) at the same site. The chronostratigraphical position of the LMT is based on its Rhineland-Palatinate (Vermessungs-und Katasterverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz), 2012 C-L2898 27.3 ± 2.9 C-L2899 30.8 ± 3.6 C-L2899-290°…”

Section: Sampling Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wintle, 1973;Thomsen et al, 2008). The Eltville tephra which was dated at several sites to roughly ~20 ka with TL, OSL and IRSL dating (Hatté et al, 1999;Antoine et al, 2001;Zöller et al, 2004;Bibus et al, 2007;Tissoux et al, 2010) and a fluvial terrace at the bottom of the profile which was dedicated to MIS 6 based on its elevation (tr 9 after Bibus, 1980Bibus, , 1983Lower Mid-dle Terrace after Boenigk and Frechen, 2006) served as chronological markers (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Luminescence dating of loess deposits from the Remagen-Schwalbenberg site, Western Germany

et al. 2015

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This study describes the luminescence characteristics of quartz of Upper Pleistocene loess of the Middle Rhine area. The loess/palaeosol sequence of the Schwalbenberg near Remagen comprises a multitude of interstadial soils and soil sediments that have been dedicated to the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3). These weak calcaric cambisols and their derivates are underlain by loess and soil sediments of MIS 4 to MIS 5 and covered by loess sediments and intercalated gelic gleysols of MIS 2. We applied luminescence dating of quartz and feldspar of drill core samples and observed an age discrepancy within both data sets. The quartz ages were clearly younger than the feldspar ages, because of thermally unstable signal components of the quartz luminescence signal. Therefore, we regarded the quartz samples of the lower parts of the drill core as unsuitable for luminescence dating. This underestimation did not affect the quartz samples of the upper part of the drill core which was indicated by age control that was provided by the Eltville tephra layer. Geochemical analysis based on X-ray fluorescence showed that the sediments in the upper part and the lower part of the drill core have different geogenic finger prints most likely due to changing source areas of dust and sediment allocation. We assumed that these different facies types were the reason for the luminescence behavior of the quartz samples.

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Tuning the Acid/Metal Balance of Carbon Nanofiber‐Supported Nickel Catalysts for Hydrolytic Hydrogenation of Cellulose

et al. 2012

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Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are a class of graphitic support materials with considerable potential for catalytic conversion of biomass. Earlier, we demonstrated the hydrolytic hydrogenation of cellulose over reshaped nickel particles attached at the tip of CNFs. The aim of this follow-up study was to find a relationship between the acid/metal balance of the Ni/CNFs and their performance in the catalytic conversion of cellulose. After oxidation and incipient wetness impregnation with Ni, the Ni/CNFs were characterized by various analytical methods. To prepare a selective Ni/CNF catalyst, the influences of the nature of oxidation agent, Ni activation, and Ni loading were investigated. Under the applied reaction conditions, the best result, that is, 76 % yield in hexitols with 69 % sorbitol selectivity at 93 % conversion of cellulose, was obtained on a 7.5 wt % Ni/CNF catalyst prepared by chemical vapor deposition of CH(4) on a Ni/γ-Al(2)O(3) catalyst, followed by oxidation in HNO(3) (twice for 1 h at 383 K), incipient wetness impregnation, and reduction at 773 K under H(2). This preparation method leads to a properly balanced Ni/CNF catalyst in terms of Ni dispersion and hydrogenation capacity on the one hand, and the number of acidic surface-oxygen groups responsible for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis on the other.

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The Pliocene and Quaternary fluvial archives of the Rhine system

Cited by 115 publications

References 30 publications

Climate-driven fluvial development and valley abandonment at the last glacial-interglacial transition (Oude IJssel-Rhine, Germany)

Climate-driven fluvial development and valley abandonment at the last glacial-interglacial transition (Oude IJssel-Rhine, Germany)

Luminescence dating of loess deposits from the Remagen-Schwalbenberg site, Western Germany

Tuning the Acid/Metal Balance of Carbon Nanofiber‐Supported Nickel Catalysts for Hydrolytic Hydrogenation of Cellulose

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