The pleiotropic beneficial intervention of olive oil intake on the Alzheimer's disease onset via fibrinolytic system

Tzekaki, Elena E.; Tsolaki, Magda; Pantazaki, Αnastasia A.; Geromichalos, George D.; Lazarou, Eftychia; Kozori, Mahi; Sinakos, Z

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2021.111344

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Etodolac, α-tocopherol, and their combination significantly induced the expression of claudin-5 and ZO-1, with the combination demonstrating the highest effect on bEnd3 cells and brain microvessels of 5XFAD mice [224]. The expression and localization of claudin-5 in bEnd3 monolayer using immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis demonstrated that oxaprozin, beclomethasone, and candesartan significantly induced the claudin-5 expression [203]. Finally, besides its effect on LRP1 and P-gp, Crocus sativus extract remarkably increased the expression of claudin-5 in the brain microvessels of 5XFAD mice, signifying its therapeutic potential in rectifying the BBB function [202].…”

Section: Tight and Adherence Junction Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The decline in Aβ levels could be explained, at least in part, by the enhanced Aβ clearance across the BBB via the upregulation of LRP1 [202]. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo studies showed the potential effect of oleocanthal, a phenolic compound in extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), to enhance the Aβ clearance from the brain via the upregulation of LRP1 [198,203]. Expression studies of LRP1 in brain endothelial cells and isolated mouse brain microvessels following treatment with rifampicin demonstrated rifampicin as an LRP1 inducer, which resulted in an increased Aβ clearance from the brain, which in part explained its protective effect against AD [204,205].…”

Section: Lrp1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and Targeted Strategies

Alkhalifa,

Al-Ghraiybah,

Odum

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a unique and selective feature of the central nervous system’s vasculature. BBB dysfunction has been observed as an early sign of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) before the onset of dementia or neurodegeneration. The intricate relationship between the BBB and the pathogenesis of AD, especially in the context of neurovascular coupling and the overlap of pathophysiology in neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases, underscores the urgency to understand the BBB’s role more deeply. Preserving or restoring the BBB function emerges as a potentially promising strategy for mitigating the progression and severity of AD. Molecular and genetic changes, such as the isoform ε4 of apolipoprotein E (ApoEε4), a significant genetic risk factor and a promoter of the BBB dysfunction, have been shown to mediate the BBB disruption. Additionally, receptors and transporters like the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) have been implicated in AD’s pathogenesis. In this comprehensive review, we endeavor to shed light on the intricate pathogenic and therapeutic connections between AD and the BBB. We also delve into the latest developments and pioneering strategies targeting the BBB for therapeutic interventions, addressing its potential as a barrier and a carrier. By providing an integrative perspective, we anticipate paving the way for future research and treatments focused on exploiting the BBB’s role in AD pathogenesis and therapy.

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Section: Tight and Adherence Junction Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Lrp1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and Targeted Strategies

Alkhalifa,

Al-Ghraiybah,

Odum

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…The administration of EVOO in mild cognitive impairment patients for 1 year resulted in an increase of the neuroprotective protein BMI1 and a decrease of p53, of AD biomarkers (tau, p-tau, Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, and Aβ1-42/Aβ-40 ratio), and of fibrinolytic system factors (PAI-1, α2AP, and tPA), assumed to be involved in AD pathophysiology. Also, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses were reduced [108,109]. Kaddoumi et al (2022) performed a randomized, controlled trial on 25 mildly cognitively impaired participants, where the daily consumption of 30 mL/day of EVOO (1200 mg/kg total phenols) for 6 months significantly ameliorated the clinical dementia rating and behavioral scores, enhanced the functional connectivity, and decreased the blood-brain barrier permeability.…”

Section: Olive Oil Effects On Mental Health and Neurodegenerative Dis...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is There More to Olive Oil than Healthy Lipids?

Isaakidis,

Maghariki,

Carvalho-Barros

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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The Mediterranean diet is a healthy dietary pattern whose main characteristic is olive oil consumption. The potential health benefits of olive oil have been extensively investigated and the present review provides the more recent clinical evidence supporting the positive impact of olive oil intake on human health. PubMed (n = 227) and Scopus (n = 308) databases were searched for published clinical studies in English over the past six years (October 2016 to December 2022), following key word searches of “olive oil” and “health”. Major findings associated olive oil with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, improvement in endothelial function and lipid profile, prevention of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and modulation of the gut microbiota. These benefits are attributed to the nutritional composition of olive oil, which has a high content of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (oleic acid in particular) and minor compounds such as polyphenols (oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol). Although additional research continues to be required, the more recently generated evidence supports the potential of olive oil to contribute beneficially to health and to the prevention and management of a variety of non-communicable diseases, as a consequence of the synergism between its components’ complexity.

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“…They will examine biomarkers of neurodegeneration in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), changes in cortical thickness, brain amyloid plaque load and neurological and neuropsychological features. A recent clinical trial (NCT03362996) has reported that EVOO annual consumption of 50 ml daily in older patients with mild cognitive impairment prevents progression of AD (109) . However, few nutritional intervention studies have been carried out to investigate the possible neuroprotective role of each phenolic component in EVOO.…”

Section: Clinical Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olive oil and wine as source of multi-target agents in the prevention of Alzheimer disease

et al. 2021

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Olive oil and wine are consumed daily worldwide and they constitute the fundamental pillars of the healthy Mediterranean diet. Polyphenolic compounds, naturally present in both olive oil and wine, are responsible for their beneficial properties. Current studies have shown the neuroprotective effects of polyphenols independently of their well-known antioxidant action. In this work, we have focused on reviewing the protective effect of polyphenols from extra virgin olive oil and wine in Alzheimer´s disease (AD), to emphasize that both food could be a possible therapeutic tool. Beneficial effects have been described in β-aggregation, neurofibrillary tangles, autophagy and mitochondrial function, as well as in cerebral insulin resistance. Furthermore, to date a harmful dose has not been described. Both preclinical and clinical works demonstrate that polyphenols act on neuropathological and cognitive disorders of AD, preventing or stopping the onset of this devastating disease. However, there are certain limitations in these studies, since it is very difficult to research diseases that lead to cognitive impairment. Although all the findings obtained are very encouraging, more studies should be carried out to use the polyphenols from olive oil and wine as therapeutic agents in the progression of AD. Therefore, more longitudinal studies in humans with a homogeneous cohort of patients are necessary to corroborate the efficacy of these nutraceuticals, as well as analyze which is the most appropriate dose for this purpose.

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The pleiotropic beneficial intervention of olive oil intake on the Alzheimer's disease onset via fibrinolytic system

Cited by 11 publications

References 68 publications

Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and Targeted Strategies

Blood–Brain Barrier Breakdown in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and Targeted Strategies

Is There More to Olive Oil than Healthy Lipids?

Olive oil and wine as source of multi-target agents in the prevention of Alzheimer disease

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