The Pleiades are a cluster of fungal effectors that inhibit host defenses

Navarrete, Fernando; Grujic, Nenad; Stirnberg, Alexandra; Saado, Indira; Aleksza, Dávid; Gallei, Michelle; Adi, Hazem; Alcântara, André; Khan, Mamoona; Bindics, János; Trujillo, Marco; Djamei, Armin

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009641

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Using these genomes, effector proteins with various functions have been identified in a variety of pathogens, including Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), Cladosporium fulvum, Ustilago maydis, Magnaporthe oryzae, and Phytophthora capsici [50][51][52][53][54]. Due to the lack of conserved features across fungal effector protein sequences, fungal effector prediction approaches are based on relatively broad criteria, principally the presence of a secretion signal [14,55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predication of the Effector Proteins Secreted by Fusarium sacchari Using Genomic Analysis and Heterogenous Expression

Huang

Zhou

et al. 2022

JoF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the causative agents of pokkah boeng disease (PBD), which affects sugarcane crops globally, is the fungus Fusarium sacchari. These fungal infections reduce sugar quality and yield, resulting in severe economic losses. Effector proteins play important roles in the interactions between pathogenic fungi and plants. Here, we used bioinformatic prediction approaches to identify 316 candidate secreted effector proteins (CSEPs) in the complete genome of F. sacchari. In total, 95 CSEPs contained known conserved structures, representing 40 superfamilies and 18 domains, while an additional 91 CSEPs contained seven known motifs. Of the 130 CSEPs containing no known domains or motifs, 14 contained one of four novel motifs. A heterogeneous expression system in Nicotiana benthamiana was used to investigate the functions of 163 CSEPs. Seven CSEPs suppressed BAX-triggered programmed cell death in N. benthamiana, while four caused cell death in N. benthamiana. The expression profiles of these eleven CSEPs during F. sacchari infection suggested that they may be involved in sugarcane-F. sacchari interaction. Our results establish a basis for further studies of the role of effector molecules in pathogen–sugarcane interactions, and provide a framework for future predictions of pathogen effector molecules.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predication of the Effector Proteins Secreted by Fusarium sacchari Using Genomic Analysis and Heterogenous Expression

Huang

Zhou

et al. 2022

JoF

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although genes in fungal genomes can undergo extensive reshuffling via intrachromosomal rearrangements, genome compartmentalization has been observed as well, particularly with reference to virulence and pathogenicity-related genes, such as those encoding effector proteins [11,[24][25][26]. This is the case for example with smut fungi [27,28], Colletotrichum spp. [29,30], Verticillium spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A chromosome-scale genome assembly of the tomato pathogen Cladosporium fulvum reveals a compartmentalized genome architecture and the presence of a dispensable chromosome

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cladosporium fulvum is a fungal pathogen that causes leaf mould of tomato. The reference genome of this pathogen was released in 2012 but its high repetitive DNA content prevented a contiguous assembly and further prohibited the analysis of its genome architecture. In this study, we combined third generation sequencing technology with the Hi-C chromatin conformation capture technique, to produce a high-quality and near complete genome assembly and gene annotation of a Race 5 isolate of C. fulvum. The resulting genome assembly contained 67.17 Mb organized into 14 chromosomes (Chr1-to-Chr14), all of which were assembled telomere-to-telomere. The smallest of the chromosomes, Chr14, is only 460 kb in size and contains 25 genes that all encode hypothetical proteins. Notably, PCR assays revealed that Chr14 was absent in 19 out of 24 isolates of a world-wide collection of C. fulvum, indicating that Chr14 is dispensable. Thus, C. fulvum is currently the second species of Capnodiales shown to harbour dispensable chromosomes. The genome of C. fulvum Race 5 is 49.7 % repetitive and contains 14 690 predicted genes with an estimated completeness of 98.9%, currently one of the highest among the Capnodiales. Genome structure analysis revealed a compartmentalized architecture composed of gene-dense and repeat-poor regions interspersed with gene-sparse and repeat-rich regions. Nearly 39.2 % of the C. fulvum Race 5 genome is affected by Repeat-Induced Point (RIP) mutations and evidence of RIP leakage toward non-repetitive regions was observed in all chromosomes, indicating the RIP plays an important role in the evolution of this pathogen. Finally, 345 genes encoding candidate effectors were identified in C. fulvum Race 5, with a significant enrichment of their location in gene-sparse regions, in accordance with the ‘two-speed genome’ model of evolution. Overall, the new reference genome of C. fulvum presents several notable features and is a valuable resource for studies in plant pathogens.

show abstract

“…Although early fungal effectors (microbial proteins used by the microbe to manipulate the host metabolism and their fundamental processes) were described as small secreted, cysteine-rich, extracellular proteins [ 54 ], knowledge about these pathogenicity factors has changed recently. Currently, it is known that many effectors target nuclei or mitochondrial proteins in the hosts, instead of functioning in the extracellular space [ 55 , 56 ]. In addition, some effectors/pathogenicity factors which have no signal peptide are secreted through multivesicular bodies (which is called an “unconventional secretion system”), which become extracellular vesicles called “virulence bags” [ 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Novel Lipase with AHSMG Pentapeptide in Hypocreales and Glomerellales Filamentous Fungi

Gutiérrez-Domínguez

Chí-Manzanero

Rodríguez-Argüello

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lipases are enzymes that hydrolyze triglycerides to fatty acids and glycerol. A typical element in lipases is a conserved motif of five amino acids (the pentapeptide), most commonly G-X-S-X-G. Lipases with the pentapeptide A-X-S-X-G are present in species of Bacillus, Paucimonas lemoignei, and the yeast Trichosporon asahii; they are usually thermotolerant and solvent resistant. Recently, while searching for true lipases in the Trichoderma harzianum genome, one lipase containing the pentapeptide AHSMG was identified. In this study, we cloned from T. harzianum strain B13-1 the lipase ID135964, renamed here as ThaL, which is 97.65% identical with the reference. We found that ThaL is a lid-containing true lipase of cluster III that belongs to a large family comprising highly conserved proteins in filamentous fungi in the orders Hypocreales and Glomerellales, in which predominantly pathogenic fungi are found. ThaL was expressed in conidia, as well as in T. harzianum mycelium, where it was cultured in liquid minimal medium. These results—together with the amino acid composition, absence of a signal peptide, mitochondrial sorting prediction, disordered regions in the protein, and lineage-specific phylogenetic distribution of its homologs—suggest that ThaL is a non-canonical effector. In summary, AHSMG-lipase is a novel lipase family in filamentous fungi, and is probably involved in pathogenicity.

show abstract

The Pleiades are a cluster of fungal effectors that inhibit host defenses

Cited by 29 publications

References 65 publications

Predication of the Effector Proteins Secreted by Fusarium sacchari Using Genomic Analysis and Heterogenous Expression

Predication of the Effector Proteins Secreted by Fusarium sacchari Using Genomic Analysis and Heterogenous Expression

A chromosome-scale genome assembly of the tomato pathogen Cladosporium fulvum reveals a compartmentalized genome architecture and the presence of a dispensable chromosome

Identification of a Novel Lipase with AHSMG Pentapeptide in Hypocreales and Glomerellales Filamentous Fungi

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About