The Pledge as an Instrument of Behavioral Change

Hallaq, John H.

doi:10.1080/00224545.1976.9923382

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Establishing a target quit date (TQD) may increase the likelihood of success for several reasons. The public commitment often involved in setting a quit date may increase or solidify a smoker’s motivation to quit [5] and the probability that they will follow through with intentions to quit [6]. Setting a TQD may also provide time for the smoker to develop relevant coping skills [6,7] and to obtain and initiate medication use, which can increase the likelihood of abstinence [2,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quit Now? Quit Soon? Quit When You’re Ready? Insights About Target Quit Dates for Smoking Cessation From an Online Quit Date Tool

Cobb¹,

Niaura²,

Donaldson³

et al. 2014

J Med Internet Res

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Background Setting a target quit date (TQD) is often an important component in smoking cessation treatment, but ambiguity remains concerning the optimal timing (ie, quitting spontaneously versus delaying to prepare). Objective We examined four questions about the timing of TQDs and smoking outcomes in secondary analyses of The iQUITT Study, a randomized trial of Internet and telephone treatment for cessation: (1) What are the characteristics of TQDs set using an online interactive quit date tool?, (2) What are the characteristics of individuals who use a quit date tool and do they differ from those who do not?, (3) Are there differences in smoker characteristics, treatment utilization, and cessation outcomes based TQD timing?, and (4) Is maintenance of an initial TQD predictive of abstinence or do changes to TQDs lead to cessation? Methods A total of 825 adult current cigarette smokers were randomized to enhanced Internet or enhanced Internet plus telephone counseling. Latency to TQD in days was calculated as the date difference between the initial TQD and enhanced Internet registration; prospective TQD setters were stratified into four latency groups (0, 1-14, 15-28, 29+ days). Baseline variables, website utilization, and 3-month cessation outcomes were examined between prospective TQD groups. Desire and confidence to quit, number of TQDs, and website logins were tested as predictors of 30-day point prevalence abstinence (ppa) at 3 months (responder-only analyses). Classification and regression tree (CART) analysis explored interactions among baseline variables, website utilization, and latency to TQD as predictors of 30-day ppa. Results There were few baseline differences between individuals who used the quit date tool and those who did not. Prospective TQDs were set as follows: registration day was 17.1% (73/427), 1-14 days was 37.7% (161/427), 15-28 days was 18.5% (79/427), and 29+ days was 26.7% (114/427). Participants with a TQD within 2 weeks had higher baseline self-efficacy scores but did not differ on smoking variables. Individuals whose TQD was the same day as registration had the highest logins, page views, number of TQDs set using the tool, and messages sent to other members. Logistic regression revealed a significant interaction between number of TQDs and website logins for 30-day ppa ( P =.005). Among those with high logins, 41.8% (33/79) with 1 TQD were abstinent versus 25.9% (35/135) with 2+TQDs. Logins and self-efficacy predicted 30-day ppa in the CART model. Conclusions TQD timing did not predict cessation outcomes in standard or exploratory analyses. Self-efficacy and an apparent commitment to an initial TQD were the components most highly related to abstinence but only via interactions with website utilization. Findings highlight the importance of feeling efficacious about handling specific smoking situations and engaging with treatmen...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quit Now? Quit Soon? Quit When You’re Ready? Insights About Target Quit Dates for Smoking Cessation From an Online Quit Date Tool

Cobb¹,

Niaura²,

Donaldson³

et al. 2014

J Med Internet Res

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“…There is a flourishing literature that examines the influence of 'virginity pledges'-pledges to abstain from premarital sex, sponsored by the Southern Baptist Church-that has found evidence that the pledge does decrease the rate of premarital sexual intercourse among those who make the pledge (Bearman and Bruckner 2001). Similar findings are available for healthy food pledges and non-smoking pledges (Raju et al 2010;Hallaq 1976). One paper examined the influence of oath-taking on preference elicitation prior to so-called second-bid auctions, and found that the outcome of such auctions improves when people are asked to pledge to answer questions concerning their preferences honestly (Jacquemet et al 2013).…”

Section: Enhancing Compliancementioning

confidence: 92%

Pledging Integrity: Oaths as Forms of Business Ethics Management

Bruin

2014

J Bus Ethics

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“…The more times someone expresses an intention to participate, the better. In addition to stabilizing the intention, the expression of that intention constitutes a public commitment that narrows the intentionbehavior gap [25,26], perhaps by helping the person selfidentify as a willing participant.…”

Section: Following Up On Expressed Willingness More Effectivelymentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Psychological Principles to Narrow the Intention-Behavior Gap and Increase Participation in HIV Vaccine Trials

Poole

2012

CHR

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There is a pressing need to find an efficacious HIV vaccine and a concomitant need for the recruitment of participants in efficacy trials. These efforts are hampered, however, by a gap between what respondents say they will do regarding research participation, and whether they actually enroll. The current paper examines the size of this gap and proposes psychological reasons for it. Some reasons include the temporal stability of the intention, the time taken to consider its ramifications and plans to deal with them, and the social forces that affect the intention. From this analysis, recommendations are offered to improve recruitment efforts and the predictive power of expressions of willingness to participate.

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The Pledge as an Instrument of Behavioral Change

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Quit Now? Quit Soon? Quit When You’re Ready? Insights About Target Quit Dates for Smoking Cessation From an Online Quit Date Tool

Quit Now? Quit Soon? Quit When You’re Ready? Insights About Target Quit Dates for Smoking Cessation From an Online Quit Date Tool

Pledging Integrity: Oaths as Forms of Business Ethics Management

Using Psychological Principles to Narrow the Intention-Behavior Gap and Increase Participation in HIV Vaccine Trials

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