The plastic limit of clays

Haigh, Stuart; Vardanega, Paul J.; Bolton, M. D.; Barnes, G. E.

doi:10.1680/geot.13.d.06

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The international standard method for PL determination involves manually rolling out a thread of soil on a glass plate until it crumbles at a specified diameter (BSI, 1990;ASTM, 2010), possibly being caused by air entry or cavitation within the soil thread (Haigh et al, 2013). It has been shown that the thread diameter requirement for the crumbling condition -specified as about 3·0 mm (BS 1377-2 (BSI, 1990)) or 3·2 mm (ASTM D4318-10e1 (ASTM, 2010)) -is not critical, with no statistically significant trend of varying water content with the soil thread diameter at the crumbling condition (2-6 mm range investigated) reported for a variety of mineral (Prakash et al, 2009;Haigh et al, 2013Haigh et al, , 2014 and organic (O'Kelly, 2015) soils.…”

Section: Plastic Limitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fall cones to determine Atterberg limits: a review

2018

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This paper reviews the percussion-cup liquid limit, thread-rolling plastic limit (PL) and various fall-cone and other approaches employed for consistency limit determinations on fine-grained soil, highlighting their use and misuse for soil classification purposes and in existing correlations. As the PL does not correspond to a unique value of remoulded undrained shear strength, there is no scientific reason why PL measurements obtained using the thread-rolling and shear-strength-based fall-cone or extrusion methods should coincide. Various correlations are established relating liquid limit values deduced using the percussion-cup and fall-cone approaches. The significance of differences in the strain-rate dependency on the mobilised fall-cone shear strength is reviewed. The paper concludes with recommendations on the standardisation of international codes and the wider use of the fall-cone approach for soft to medium-stiff clays in establishing the strength variability with changing water content and further index parameters.

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Section: Plastic Limitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of fall cones to determine Atterberg limits: a review

2018

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“…Haigh et al (2013Haigh et al ( , 2014 presented work showing that the plastic limit as described by Atterberg (1911aAtterberg ( , 1911b does not correlate to a fixed strength as it is not a strength test, so these two different 'plastic limits' may not coincide.…”

Section: Strength Variation In the Plastic Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Discussion: Measuring the plastic limit of fine soils: an experimental study

Sivakumar

O’Kelly

Henderson

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Geotechnica

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“…fall-cone) to find the water content associated with that strength. Haigh et al (2013) showed based on strengths at plastic limit reported in the literature that the assumption of a fixed strength at plastic limit is without any technical basis. They proposed instead that the brittle failure observed in the plastic limit (thread rolling test) is caused by either air entry or cavitation and is hence a function of maximum soil suction rather than soil strength.…”

Section: Strength At Plastic Limitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Database of strength data at plastic limit Haigh et al (2013) use a large database to investigate the variation of shear strengths for soils at the plastic limit. Table 2 shows the sources of the data used.…”

Section: Strength At Plastic Limitmentioning

confidence: 99%