The Plasma of Developing Chick and Pig Embryos

Moore, Dan H.; Shen, Shih‐Chang; Alexander, Carl S.

doi:10.3181/00379727-58-14934

Cited by 32 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This increase may be related to raises in globulin antibody production as the fish is exposed to various diseases during life or it may be a normal development as the fish matures. Similar results have been obtained for globulins in mammals (Moore et al, 1945), in birds (Brandt et al, 1951), and in coho salmon (Vanstone and Ho, 1961 total serum protein levels for male and female brook trout except during the spawning period. The whitefish sampled in the present study were not in spawning condition.…”

Section: And Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Increase of Serum Globulin Levels with Age in Lake Whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis

Booke

1965

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society

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SCOTT, W. B., aNDE. J. Caoss•aN. 1964. Fishes occurring in the fresh waters of insular Newfoundland. Canada Dept. Fisheries, Ottawa, 124 p. STILWELL, E. n., AND HENRY O. STANLEY. 1874. Eighth report of the commissioners of fisheries for the State of Maine, 43 p. VLADYKOV, V.D. 1954. Taxonomic characters of the eastern North America chars (Salvelinus and Cristivomer). J. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada 11: 904-932.

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Section: And Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Increase of Serum Globulin Levels with Age in Lake Whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis

Booke

1965

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society

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“…Agglutinins disappear more rapidly than non-agglutinating antibodies, and these alone persisted from the 8th to the 17th days after hatching. Moore, Shen & Alexander (1945) examined the plasma of developing chick embryos and showed that during embryonic development the plasma underwent a gradual differentiation from a simple to a more complex pattern, associated with the inclusion in the plasma of 1-arious constituents of egg yolk. Schechtman & Nace (1950) and Marshall & Deutsch (1950) confirmed these results and have shown that the egg yolk constituents in the serum disappear from about the 5th day after the chick has hatched.…”

Section: -2mentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Transference of Bacterial Antibodies from the Hen to the Chick

Buxton

1952

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARY : Agglutinins against Salmonella pullorum and Salm. typhi (strain 0 901) were induced in hens by intravenous inoculation with killed suspensions and were transferred to the yolks of their eggs. This transference of antibody continued throughout a laying season of about 280 days, and the relationship between the agglutinin titres of sera and yolks was not close. The titres of yolks seldom rose above 160 even when those in the serum were 2560 and 5120, whereas the agglutinin levels of developing ovules from hens naturally infected with Salm. pullorum were about the same in the related sera.The sera and egg yolks of hens vaccinated with killed Salrn. puElorum or infected with Salm. gallinarum contain a non-agglutinating antibody. The titres of nonagglutinating antibody in sera and in related egg yolks were about equal when hens were inoculated intravenously ; very little antibody was demonstrable in fresh egg yolks after intramuscular or subcutaneous administration. Hens infected with Salmgnllinarum by the mouth yielded high yolk titres of agglutinating and non-agglutinating antibodies and these titres were maintained at a high level throughout thc experimental period of 474 days. The results suggest that some of the antibody in egg yolk is formed in the follicular epithelium of the developing ovule or in the yolk material itself.A passive immunity to Salm. pullorum is transferred from vaccinated hens t o their chicks by the egg yolks and antibodies pass from yolk to embryonic serum from about the 11th day of incubation. The titres in the serum of the newly hatched chick are about the same as in the egg yolk before incubation and they decrease rapidly during the first 3 days and have almost disappeared by the 17th day ; from the 8th day until the 17th day non-agglutinating antibodies alone are demonstrable. Antibodies are absorbed from the yolk through the vitelline and hepatic portal circulations and little or none is transferred by the yolk stalk and the chick's intestine.

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“…Metamorphosis in these animals may be compared to the embryonic development of higher vertebrates. Moore et al (5) have followed the changes in the serum proteins during the embryological development of the higher vertebrates and found that the sera of developing chick and pig embryos increase in total protein concentration. The serum albumin of chicks and pigs becomes the predominant fraction during the later developmental stages.…”

Section: ϊγ Evoluttonary Development Of Serum Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%