The Plasma Lipid Level in Periodontal Health and Disease- A Case-Control Study

Abstract

BACKGROUNDPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the supporting structures of the teeth resulting from the dental plaque biofilm attached to the teeth. Recent studies have shown that oral disease may affect the systemic health. The aim of the present study was to estimate and compare fasting plasma lipids in case and control groups, and to establish its relationship with periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODSSixty patients were selected within the age group of 40-50 years, which included both the sexes. Thirty patients with probing depth ≤3 mm were taken as Control group and thirty patients with probing depth ≥4 mm were taken as the Case group. %mL of sample blood were collected 12 hours after fasting and sent for laboratory investigations for lipid profile. The data collected were statistically analysed. RESULTSIn this present study, the mean total Cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL Cholesterol and VLDL Cholesterol levels were elevated in the Case group than the Control group and they were statistically significant. Although the mean HDL Cholesterol level was elevated in the Case group than the Control group it was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONThe present study shows a significant relationship between periodontitis and hyperlipidaemia. The present study also supports the hypothesis that periodontal disease is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.