The plant microbiota signature of the Anthropocene as a challenge for microbiome research

Berg, Gabriele; Cernava, Tomislav

doi:10.1186/s40168-021-01224-5

Cited by 40 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…In 2019, a discussion about the definition of microbiome took place during a workshop held in Austria, with results reported by Berg and colleagues [ 3 ]. This manuscript is highly recommended for those interested in the details of this and other concepts involving microbial ecology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between Body Microbiota and the Regulation of Immunity

Rojas

Gálvez‐Jirón

Solminihac

et al. 2022

Journal of Immunology Research

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The microbiome corresponds to the genetic component of microorganisms (archaea, bacteria, phages, viruses, fungi, and protozoa) that coexist with an individual. During the last two decades, research on this topic has become massive demonstrating that in both homeostasis and disease, the microbiome plays an important role, and in some cases, a decisive one. To date, microbiota have been identified at different body locations, such as the eyes, lung, gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, and skin, and technological advances have permitted the taxonomic characterization of resident species and their metabolites, in addition to the cellular and molecular components of the host that maintain a crosstalk with local microorganisms. Here, we summarize recent studies regarding microbiota residing in different zones of the body and their relationship with the immune system. We emphasize the immune components underlying pathological conditions and how they interact with local (and distant) microbiota.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between Body Microbiota and the Regulation of Immunity

Rojas

Gálvez‐Jirón

Solminihac

et al. 2022

Journal of Immunology Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The soil microbiome plays an essential role in crop production, but is a strongly influenced component in the Anthropocene (1,2). Therefore, it is critical to identify threats that cause microbiome disturbances, as well as to find sustainable restoration strategies for affected microbiomes (2). Microbial diversity is crucial for soil and plant health (3) and for human health as well, which can be measured in taxonomic and functional diversity as well as by total gene count within the microbiota (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the microbial composition of biodynamic preparations and their effects on the apple rhizosphere microbiome

et al. 2022

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Soil microbial communities are crucial for plant growth and are already depleted by anthropogenic activities. The application of microbial transplants provides a strategy to restore beneficial soil traits, but less is known about the microbiota of traditional inoculants used in biodynamic agriculture. In this study, we used amplicon sequencing and quantitative PCR to decipher microbial communities of composts, biodynamic manures, and plant preparations from Austria and France. In addition, we investigated the effect of extracts derived from biodynamic manure and compost on the rhizosphere microbiome of apple trees. Microbiota abundance, composition, and diversity of biodynamic manures, plant preparations, and composts were distinct. Microbial abundances ranged between 1010-1011 (bacterial 16S rRNA genes) and 109-1011 (fungal ITS genes). The bacterial diversity was significantly higher in biodynamic manures compared to compost without discernible differences in abundance. Fungal diversity was not significantly different while abundance was increased in biodynamic manures. The microbial communities of biodynamic manures and plant preparations were specific for each production site, but all contain potentially plant-beneficial bacterial genera. When applied in apple orchards, biodynamic preparations (extracts) had the non-significant effect of reducing bacterial and fungal abundance in apple rhizosphere (4 months post-application), while increasing fungal and lowering bacterial Shannon diversity. One to four months after inoculation, individual taxa indicated differential abundance. We observed the reduction of the pathogenic fungus Alternaria, and the enrichment of potentially beneficial bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas. Our study paves way for the science-based adaptation of empirically developed biodynamic formulations under different farming practices to restore the vitality of agricultural soils.

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“…Plant-microbe interactions in natural and agricultural ecosystems have attracted more attention than ever (Toju et al, 2018 ; Berg and Cernava, 2022 ). In fact, these interactions are important to ecological functions and essentially relevant to the ecological services that humans rely on Fester et al ( 2014 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Harnessing the benefits of the interactions is one of the most considered and sustainable opportunities for further crop improvements (Bailey-Serres et al, 2019 ). Nevertheless, additional stresses due to anthropogenic activities are uncertain driving factors of ecological functions and services (Crutzen, 2002 ; Rudgers et al, 2020 ; Berg and Cernava, 2022 ). Climate change, agriculture-related stress, chemical pollution, and ozone depletion are typical environmental stresses in the Anthropocene (McGill et al, 2015 ; Dietz, 2017 ; Cavicchioli et al, 2019 ).…”

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confidence: 99%