The Plant Cell Wall: A Dynamic Barrier Against Pathogen Invasion

Underwood, William

doi:10.3389/fpls.2012.00085

Cited by 351 publications

(272 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(50 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

261

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For instance, novel elicitors from bacterial pathogens were recently identified using callose detection as a positive control of the plant defense response (McCann et al, 2012). Callose is well known to play a major role in defense by providing localized reinforcement of the cell wall, particularly at the sites of pathogen attack, to reduce or prevent pathogen invasion (Hardham et al, 2007;Hückelhoven 2007;Underwood, 2012). In this study, in addition to ROS, we found that callose is synthesized by root border-like cells of both species in response to elicitors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the Responses of Root Border-Like Cells of Arabidopsis and Flax to Pathogen-Derived Elicitors

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plant pathogens including fungi and bacteria cause many of the most serious crop diseases. The plant innate immune response is triggered upon recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) such as flagellin22 and peptidoglycan. To date, very little is known of MAMP-mediated responses in roots. Root border cells are cells that originate from root caps and are released individually into the rhizosphere. Root tips of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and flax (Linum usitatissimum) release cells known as "border-like cells." Whereas root border cells of pea (Pisum sativum) are clearly involved in defense against fungal pathogens, the function of border-like cells remains to be established. In this study, we have investigated the responses of root border-like cells of Arabidopsis and flax to flagellin22 and peptidoglycan. We found that both MAMPs triggered a rapid oxidative burst in root border-like cells of both species. The production of reactive oxygen species was accompanied by modifications in the cell wall distribution of extensin epitopes. Extensins are hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins that can be cross linked by hydrogen peroxide to enhance the mechanical strength of the cell wall. In addition, both MAMPs also caused deposition of callose, a well-known marker of MAMP-elicited defense. Furthermore, flagellin22 induced the overexpression of genes involved in the plant immune response in root border-like cells of Arabidopsis. Our findings demonstrate that root borderlike cells of flax and Arabidopsis are able to perceive an elicitation and activate defense responses. We also show that cell wall extensin is involved in the innate immunity response of root border-like cells.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the Responses of Root Border-Like Cells of Arabidopsis and Flax to Pathogen-Derived Elicitors

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mechanisms evolved by plants to protect themselves from pathogens comprise constitutive barriers and induced defense responses. The cuticle, the cell wall and phytoanticipins are pre-formed physical and chemical barriers that limit access of microbes to the plant cells [1,2]. Numerous pathogens can circumvent the constitutive defenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The novel elicitor AsES triggers a defense response against Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AsES (Acremonium strictum Elicitor and Subtilisin) is a novel extracellular elicitor protein produced by the avirulent isolate SS71 of the opportunist strawberry fungal pathogen A. strictum. Here we describe the activity of AsES in the plant-pathogen system Arabidopsis thaliana-Botrytis cinerea. We show that AsES renders A. thaliana plants resistant to the necrotrophic pathogen B. cinerea, both locally and systemically and the defense response observed is dose-dependent. Systemic, but not local resistance is dependent on the length of exposure to AsES. The germination of the spores in vitro was not inhibited by AsES, implying that protection to B. cinerea is due to the induction of the plant defenses. These results were further supported by the findings that AsES differentially affects mutants impaired in the response to salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene, suggesting that AsES triggers the defense response through these three signaling pathways.

show abstract

“…Cells rely on a regulated deposition of extracellular materials to control their shapes, growth, and motility, to promote tissue formation, and to protect themselves (Szymanski and Cosgrove, 2009;Rosario and DeSimone, 2011;Underwood, 2012). In the tissues and organisms in which cells are surrounded by the extracellular matrix or by cell walls, the ultimate cell morphology often depends on the production of such extracellular structures at precisely the right places at the right time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Novel Plant Protein INAPERTURATE POLLEN1 Marks Distinct Cellular Domains and Controls Formation of Apertures in the Arabidopsis Pollen Exine

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pollen grains protect the sperm cells inside them with the help of the unique cell wall, the exine, which exhibits enormous morphological variation across plant taxa, assembling into intricate and diverse species-specific patterns. How this complex extracellular structure is faithfully deposited at precise sites and acquires precise shape within a species is not understood. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of the novel Arabidopsis thaliana gene INAPERTURATE POLLEN1 (INP1), which is specifically involved in formation of the pollen surface apertures, which arise by restriction of exine deposition at specific sites. Loss of INP1 leads to the loss of all three apertures in Arabidopsis pollen, and INP1 protein exhibits a unique tripartite localization in developing pollen, indicative of its direct involvement in specification of aperture positions. We also show that aperture length appears to be sensitive to INP1 dosage and INP1 misexpression can affect global exine patterning. Phenotypes of some inp1 mutants indicate that Arabidopsis apertures are initiated at three nonrandom positions around the pollen equator. The identification of INP1 opens up new avenues for studies of how formation of distinct cellular domains results in the production of different extracellular morphologies.

show abstract

The Plant Cell Wall: A Dynamic Barrier Against Pathogen Invasion

Cited by 351 publications

References 40 publications

Deciphering the Responses of Root Border-Like Cells of Arabidopsis and Flax to Pathogen-Derived Elicitors

Deciphering the Responses of Root Border-Like Cells of Arabidopsis and Flax to Pathogen-Derived Elicitors

The novel elicitor AsES triggers a defense response against Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis thaliana

The Novel Plant Protein INAPERTURATE POLLEN1 Marks Distinct Cellular Domains and Controls Formation of Apertures in the Arabidopsis Pollen Exine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About