The pivotal role of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in the mobilization of N and C from storage material to asparagine in germinating seeds of yellow lupine

Lehmann, Teresa; Ratajczak, Lech

doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2006.12.010

Cited by 56 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…One of the convenient respiratory substrates, especially in leguminous plants, is amino acids. It has been proved that amino acids (including glutamate) liberated from storage protein are used as respiratory substrates in yellow lupine (Ratajczak et al 1996;Borek et al 2001; Lehmann and Ratajczak 2008) and amino acids utilization is enhanced in sugar depletion conditions (Borek et al 2001). Enhancement in glutamate utilization is also observed in sucrosestarved isolated embryo axes of pea (Morkunas et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen in this form is toxic (Britto and Kronzucker 2002) so its utilization is necessary. One of the possibilities of detoxification of ammonium is the synthesis of asparagine, content of which in germinating lupine seeds may reach 30% of the dry matter (Lehmann and Ratajczak 2008). Ammonium is assimilated to asparagine in two steps.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Large amount of amino acids liberated from storage protein is utilised in respiration (Ratajczak et al 1996;Borek et al 2001; Lehmann and Ratajczak 2008) or as glutamine and asparagine are translocated into growing axes (Bewley and Black 1994). One of the most abundant amino acid in yellow lupine storage protein is glutamate the level of which reaches 20-25% of amino acids content (Lehmann and Ratajczak 2008). Glutamate is involved in GS/GOGAT cycle (glutamine synthetase/glutamate synthase) in cytosol or is oxidized by glutamate dehydrogenase in mitochondria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glutamate dehydrogenase oxidizes glutamate into 2-oxoglutarate and ammonium. 2-oxoglutarate might be utilised in respiration in TCA cycle and ammonium is translocated into cytosol where it is stored in asparagine trough the cooperative action of glutamine synthetase and asparagine synthase (Lehmann and Ratajczak 2008;Borek et al 2011a). During yellow lupine seeds germination, high accumulation of asparagine is observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ammonium might be produced as well by urease which catalyzes decomposition of urea produced during arginine breakdown (Borek et al 2001) but arginine makes up only 6-10% of amino acid content of yellow lupine storage protein (Lehmann and Ratajczak 2008). The crucial role of glutamate dehydrogenase in glutamate utilization (catabolic action of enzyme) and amino acid conversions in germinating seeds of yellow lupine was described in detail by Lehmann and Ratajczak (2008). Nevertheless, glutamate dehydrogenase may also function anabolically in the direction of glutamate biosynthesis (from 2-oxoglutarate and ammonium).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation by sucrose of storage compounds breakdown in germinating seeds of yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.), white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) and Andean lupine (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet): I. Mobilization of storage protein

Borek

Kubala

2011

Acta Physiol Plant

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Research of the regulatory function of sucrose in storage protein breakdown was conducted on isolated embryo axes, excised cotyledons and whole seedlings of three lupine species grown in vitro on medium with 60 mM sucrose or without the sugar. Sucrose stimulated growth of yellow, white and Andean lupine isolated embryo axes and cotyledons but growth of seedlings was inhibited. Dry matter content was higher in sucrose-fed isolated organs and in seedling organs. Ultrastructure research revealed that lack of sucrose in the medium caused enhancement in storage protein breakdown. Protein deposits in cotyledons were smaller as well as soluble portion content in all studied organs was lower when there was no sucrose in the medium. In the same conditions, the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase was significantly higher. Increase in vacuolization of cells of white lupine root meristematic zone cells was observed and induction of autophagy in young carbohydrate-starved embryo axes is discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Regulation by sucrose of storage compounds breakdown in germinating seeds of yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.), white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) and Andean lupine (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet): I. Mobilization of storage protein

Borek

Kubala

2011

Acta Physiol Plant

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Nitrogen Assimilation and its Relevance to Crop Improvement

Lea

Miflin

2018

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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The majority if not all of the organic nitrogen in plants is derived from the assimilation of ammonia into the amide position of glutamine by the enzyme glutamine synthetase (GS). A second enzyme, glutamate synthase, also known as glutamine:2‐oxoglutarate amidotransferase (GOGAT), carries out the transfer of the amide group of glutamine to 2‐oxoglutarate to yield two molecules of glutamate and thus completes the assimilation of ammonia into amino acids. This GS/GOGAT pathway of ammonia assimilation is of crucial importance for crop growth and productivity and ultimately animal and human nutrition. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) is now considered to be only involved in glutamate catabolism to form ammonia, an important role in N recycling within the plant. Nitrogen is also often diverted from glutamine to asparagine as a temporary measure during periods of carbohydrate shortage and excess of reduced nitrogen. This diversion requires the action of asparagine synthetase in the anabolic reaction and asparaginase in the catabolic reaction. This chapter describes the properties of these enzymes in the assimilation and reassimilation of nitrogen and in particular the genes that encode them, their complexity and the time and place they are expressed. Plant transformation has allowed the construction of a range of plants with enhanced and decreased activity of several of these enzymes, some of which have shown improved agronomic performance.

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Nitrogen Assimilation and its Relevance to Crop Improvement

Lea¹,

Miflin²

2010

Annual Plant Reviews Volume 42

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The pivotal role of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in the mobilization of N and C from storage material to asparagine in germinating seeds of yellow lupine

Cited by 56 publications

References 66 publications

Regulation by sucrose of storage compounds breakdown in germinating seeds of yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.), white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) and Andean lupine (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet): I. Mobilization of storage protein

Regulation by sucrose of storage compounds breakdown in germinating seeds of yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.), white lupine (Lupinus albus L.) and Andean lupine (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet): I. Mobilization of storage protein

Nitrogen Assimilation and its Relevance to Crop Improvement

Nitrogen Assimilation and its Relevance to Crop Improvement

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