The pitting of stainless steel under a rust membrane at very low potentials

Suleiman, Mabruk I.; Ragault, Isabelle; Newman, R. C.

doi:10.1016/0010-938x(94)90038-8

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…These results essentially confirm the results of Suleiman, et al, 12 concerning the effect of the iron-rich surface film, although the values of E pit in the present work are substantially above the potentials, where Suleiman, et al, observed temporary stabilization of pitting in 0.005 M NaCl. 12 When an iron-based film was present, Suleiman, et al, 12 also found pitting to occur at similar potentials in both 0.1 M and 0.005 M NaCl, which is contrary to the results presented here where less effect of the ironbased film was seen in the 0.01-M chloride solution. However, in Suleiman's work, the surface film was produced by forcibly corroding an electroplated iron layer, and polarization curves showed a significant anodic peak at around -150 mV to 150 mV, suggesting oxidation of a component in the film (e.g., magnetite), which was absent in our experiments.…”

Section: Laboratory Studiessupporting

confidence: 93%

“…As in most studies of pitting corrosion, there remains a possibility that edge effects (i.e., crevice corrosion) have influenced these results, but sensible precau- tions (i.e., salinizing of the sample edges) were taken to minimize the risk, and there is no reason to suggest that such effects were significant in this case. The experiments described here were based in part on those reported earlier by Suleiman, et al, 12 who found that pitting of UNS S30403 in 0.1 M NaCl and 0.005 M NaCl could be stabilized temporarily by iron-rich films at about -150 mV, which was about 300 mV below the pitting potential of control samples in the 0.1-M NaCl solution. Consequently, before these experiments were carried out, it was expected that the presence of an iron-rich surface film would tend to decrease the values of E pit and E rep .…”

Section: Laboratory Studiesmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…However, Suleiman, et al, have proposed that ironbased surface films produced by IOB can stabilize pitting by acting as a super-crevice, combining anion-selectivity with a relatively low ionic resistance. 12 Newman, et al, also have proposed a thiosulfateactivated MIC mechanism involving the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the locally anaerobic conditions beneath surface deposits, 13 such as the iron-rich tubercles produced by IOB. Black, sulfide-rich material is indeed often found inside the tubercles formed by IOB on SS surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria on Pitting of Stainless Steel

Chamritski¹,

Burns²,

Webster³

et al. 2004

CORROSION

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Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) of stainless steel (SS) can be caused by the action of metal-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) in natural, relatively low-chloride waters. This type of corrosion is frequently associated with ennoblement of the open-circuit potential and involves iron-oxidizing bacteria (IOB) and manganese-oxidizing bacteria (MnOB). This work focuses of the role of IOB and associated inorganic water chemistry processes that may cause corrosion of SS. Laboratory and field studies have been conducted to investigate the influence of deposited ferric oxide (or oxyhydroxide) on the corrosion of UNS S30403. Samples exposed to a natural spring water reached open-circuit potentials of 250 mV vs saturated calomel electrode (SCE) and were covered by a biofilm containing a mixture of geothite (α-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), and magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) or maghemite (γ-Fe 2 O 3 ), together with low levels of manganese-based deposits. In the laboratory, an iron-based film was formed on some samples by oxidation of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4 ) with calcium hypochlorite (Ca[ClO] 2 ), giving a surface film with a composition similar to that produced by microbial activity. These samples did not show ennoblement, but they did show lower pitting potentials than were measured for control samples. The results of this work are consistent with the idea that MIC of SS in potable water involves manganesebased deposits causing ennoblement (W.H. Dickinson, F. Caccavo Jr.

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Section: Laboratory Studiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Laboratory Studiesmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria on Pitting of Stainless Steel

Chamritski¹,

Burns²,

Webster³

et al. 2004

CORROSION

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“…They suggested that this rust layer act as a super-crevice, combining the anion-selective action with a low ionic resistance, which is especially effective in low chloride concentration solution. 37 Therefore, another possible role of Al(OH) 3 solids in copper pitting corrosion is that it may also act as an anion selective membrane since it is positively charged. 29,33 As demonstrated in the filtering study, there was a slight decrease in conductivity in all three cases (Table III), which could be attributed to the sorption of a small amount of anions by the positively charged Al(OH) 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aluminum Solids on the under Deposit Corrosion of Copper in Synthetic Potable Water: The Arguments for and against a Semi-Permeable Membrane

Cong

Scully

2013

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Aluminum solids promote under deposit pitting of UNS C11000 copper. The possible roles that aluminum solids (i.e., Al(OH) 3 ) play to promote copper pitting were examined by various characterization methods followed by diagnostic chemical/electrochemical methods in Edwards synthetic drinking water (ESDW). Cathodic polarization scans indicated that aluminum solids did not affect the intrinsic cathodic half-cell kinetics on an isolated copper electrode. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) experiments showed that the pitting potential (E Pit ) of copper was decreased by the presence of gelatinous aluminum solids deposited on the surface. Multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) with various surface deposition treatments were tested in ESDW under both driven and natural conditions. Lower pitting potentials were found under driven conditions on copper electrodes containing aluminum deposits. Pitting events also occurred on copper electrodes containing aluminum deposits with the presence of 5 ppm Cl 2 under freely corroding conditions. MEAs were also tested with an inert Delrin crevice former. In this case, a lower E Pit and greater number of pitting events were found outside the crevice former. The drop in E Pit was not as severe as in the case of deposited Al(OH) 3 , pointing to effects besides geometrically occluded sites, produced by inert crevice formers. Preferential sorption/transport of selected anions (OH − , HCO 3 − , SO 4 2− , and Cl − ) through gelatinous Al(OH) 3 was studied. Plausible explanations for the detrimental effects of Al(OH) 3 were given.

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“…On hydrous ferric oxide, 10 À5 M sulfates showed sorption greater than 20% at pH lower than 6 at ambient temperature [18]. Suleiman et al [54] observed anion-selective sorption with the iron rust membrane, to stabilize pitting in 304L stainless steel. In the LTCTF results, in various simulated solutions, for about 5 years, any indications of long-term localized attacks from anion sorption in the crevice were not observed, at up to 90°C (194°F) [8].…”

Section: Other Potential Degradation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%