The pineal gland hormone melatonin improves survival in a rat model of sepsis/shock induced by zymosan A

Reynolds, Frederick D; Dauchy, Robert T.; Blask, David E.; Dietz, Patrick A.; Lynch, Darin T.; Zuckerman, Randall

doi:10.1067/s0039-6060(03)00253-8

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In bacterial infections, melatonin was used as a successful therapy in several in vivo models [81,82], with action against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms, but with a higher efficacy on the latter; it also showed efficacy against different strains of antibiotic-resistant bacteria [83]. The possible mechanism of action of melatonin as an antibiotic included the regulation of the proliferation/duplication of bacteria, the reduction of lipid uptake [83], and high metal binding capacity, including iron [84].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin: A Review of Its Potential Functions and Effects on Dental Diseases

Permuy

López-Peña

González‐Cantalapiedra

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Melatonin is a hormone synthesised and secreted by the pineal gland and other organs. Its secretion, controlled by an endogenous circadian cycle, has been proven to exert immunological, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects that can be beneficial in the treatment of certain dental diseases. This article is aimed at carrying out a review of the literature published about the use of melatonin in the dental field and summarising its potential effects. In this review article, an extensive search in different databases of scientific journals was performed with the objective of summarising all of the information published on melatonin use in dental diseases, focussing on periodontal diseases and dental implantology. Melatonin released in a natural way into the saliva, or added as an external treatment, may have important implications for dental disorders, such as periodontal disease, as well as in the osseointegration of dental implants, due to its anti-inflammatory and osseoconductive effects. Melatonin has demonstrated to have beneficial effects on dental pathologies, although further research is needed to understand the exact mechanisms of this molecule.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin: A Review of Its Potential Functions and Effects on Dental Diseases

Permuy

López-Peña

González‐Cantalapiedra

et al. 2017

IJMS

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“…In keeping with these findings, over-expression of endogenous MPT inhibitors (e.g., Bcl-2) is shown to improve vital organ function and survival in a murine model of sepsis [140]. Melatonin, a pleiotropic hormone that is shown to protect mitochondria during sepsis [141], also improves sepsis mortality in rodents [142]; however, the timing and duration of melatonin administration appears to be critical [143]. As with most other treatments that have demonstrated benefit in animals, it remains unclear if these promising new therapies are efficacious after the onset of severe sepsis or if the findings are relevant to humans.…”

Section: Cytoprotective Measures As a Strategy To Interrupt The Cyclementioning

confidence: 90%

Sepsis: Links between Pathogen Sensing and Organ Damage

Crouser¹,

Exline²,

Knoell³

et al. 2008

CPD

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The host's inflammatory response to sepsis can be divided into two phases, the initial detection and response to the pathogen initiated by the innate immune response, and the persistent inflammatory state characterized by multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). New therapies aimed at pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) particularly the TLRs and the NOD-like receptors offer hope to suppress the initial inflammatory response in early sepsis and to bolster this response in late sepsis. The persistence of MODS after the initial inflammatory surge can also be a determining factor to host survival. MODS is due to the cellular damage and death induced by sepsis. The mechanism of this cell death depends in part upon mitochondrial dysfunction. Damaged mitochondria have increased membrane permeability prompting their autophagic removal if few mitochondria are involved but apoptotic cell death may occur if the mitochondrial losses are more extensive. In addition. severe loss of mitochondria results in low cell energy stores, necrotic cell death, and increased inflammation driven by the release of cell components such as HMGB1. Therapies, which aim at improving cellular energy reserves such as the promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis by insulin, may have a role in future sepsis therapies. Finally, both the inflammatory responses and the susceptibility to organ failure may be modulated by nutritional status and micronutrients, such as zinc, Therapies aimed at micronutrient repletion may further augment approaches targeting PRR function and mitochondrial viability.

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“…Recently, the question of appropriate dose and the formulation of melatonin, and the adjustment of circadian rhythms has not been resolved [9,10,26] . Previous studies showed that the dosage and the duration of exogenous melatonin administration is variable and depends on the purpose of usage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melatonin ( N -acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), an endogenous circadian neurohormone produced during darkness by the pineal gland [7][8][9] , has been shown to be an effective antioxidant agent and a free radical scavenger [7,10,11] . Recently, melatonin was reported to be a potent scavenger of hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals and to be an activator of the endogenous antioxidant defense potential [7] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Melatonin on Healing of Colonic Anastomosis in a Rat Model of Peritonitis

Özen¹,

Ekíngen²,

Taşlıpınar

et al. 2006

Eur Surg Res

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Background: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of melatonin on intestinal anastomosis in the presence of peritonitis. Material and Methods: 32 Wistar albino rats were randomized into four groups (n = 8): A (sham), B (control), C (melatonin 5 mg/kg), and D (melatonin 10 mg/kg). In group A, only cecal dissection was carried out. In the other groups, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) followed cecal dissection in order to induce bacterial peritonitis. 24 h after the previous operation, cecal resection and iliocolic anastomosis were performed in the rats of all groups. In group C (5 mg/kg) and group D (10 mg/kg), melatonin was injected for 5 consecutive days starting after CLP. At the 48th hour of the CLP procedure, blood was drawn via the tail vein for tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) analysis, and on the 4th day of the experiment relaparotomy was carried out for bursting pressure (BP) measurements. The intestinal tissue containing the anastomotic line was then snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at –80°C for determination of tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH). Results: The tissue MDA level, blood TNF-α and IL-6 levels of group B were significantly higher than in the other groups, whereas the BP results and GSH levels of group B were found to be significantly lower than in the other groups. The results of groups C and D are statistically different from those of group B. When we compared the results of groups C and D, we found significantly higher results in terms of BP and GSH levels in group D and also significantly lower results in terms of MDA, blood TNF-α and IL-6 levels in group D. Conclusion: The findings of this experiment suggest that melatonin has a dose-independent positive effect on wound healing of colonic anastomosis.

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The pineal gland hormone melatonin improves survival in a rat model of sepsis/shock induced by zymosan A

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Melatonin: A Review of Its Potential Functions and Effects on Dental Diseases

Melatonin: A Review of Its Potential Functions and Effects on Dental Diseases

Sepsis: Links between Pathogen Sensing and Organ Damage

Effect of Melatonin on Healing of Colonic Anastomosis in a Rat Model of Peritonitis

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