The piezoelectric response of electrospun PVDF/PZT incorporated with pristine graphene nanoplatelets for mechanical energy harvesting

Ionic liquid modified PVDF/BCZT nanocomposites for space charge induced mechanical energy harvesting performance

“…This high permittivity of PVDF is very rarely observed earlier. Thus, it may be concluded that the addition of ionic liquid in PVDF-based composites can improve the space charge polarization extraordinarily compared to that of the addition of other conducting phases [10][11][12][13]15]. Here, it is to be mentioned that the very high dielectric permittivity of BCZT (caused by its MPB composition) compared to that of neat PVDF also render a strong effect in increasing the permittivity of the composite films.…”

“…It has been already reported by several research groups that the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) based materials like PbZr 0.52 Ti 0.48 O 3 (PZT), 0.5(Ba 0.7 Ca 0.3 )TiO 3 -0.5Ba (Ti 0.8 Zr 0.2 )O 3 (BCZT), BaTi 0.89 Sn 0.11 O 3 (BTS), etc show very high dielectric permittivity and piezoelectric coefficient and when incorporated into PVDF matrix, very high enhancement of dielectric polarization and mechanical energy harvesting performance are achieved [7,14,15]. Therefore, here we chose a very well-known MPB composition, BCZT, which has been widely used earlier for enhancing the performance of PVDF-based mechanical energy harvesters [11][12][13][14].…”

“…Though the incorporation of this inorganic material into the PVDF matrix can increase the space charge polarization up to a certain amount by the formation of a conducting pathway [7,9], some other conducting components are required to be incorporated into PVDF/BCZT composites in order to increase the space charge polarization more effectively. In this regard, materials like multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), graphene platelets (GNP), Ag nanoparticles in heterostructured form, etc have been utilized in earlier reports [10,14,15]. All these materials have been used in powder form.…”