The Physiology of Pupal Diapause in Flesh Flies

Denlinger, David L.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-3210-7_9

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The first ecdysteroid peak which occurs before the onset of wandering stage is responsible for the change in the commitment of abdominal epidermal cells from larval to pupal type while the second peak promotes successful larvalpupal transformation (Riddiford, 1985). It has been suggested that JH may enhance the response of ecdysteroids and/or alter the sensitivity of these tissues to ecdysteroids (Denlinger, 1979). The present study also suggests that the JH activity of the compounds has a tropic effect on ecdysial glands which induces moulting.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Effects of anti-juvenile hormone agents and a juvenile hormone analog on neck-ligated post-feeding last instar larvae of Spodoptera mauritia Boisd. (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

Balamani

Nair

1989

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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The ability of three anti-juvenile hormone agents (AJHAs) to prevent the juvenile hormone dependent phase of larval-pupal transformation has been investigated. Neck-ligated postfeeding last instar larvae of Spodoptera mauritia were treated topically with different doses of a juvenile hormone analog (JHA) or the AJHAs, tetra-hydro-4-fluoromethyl-4-hydroxy-2ff-pyran- 2-one (FMev), ethyl-4-[2-(tert-butylcarbonyloxy)butoxy] benzoate (ETB) and ethyl-[E]-3-methyl-2-dodecanoate (EMD). Untreated ligated larvae or those treated with acetone survived for 12 ± 1 days without showing any sign of pupal cuticle secretion. On the other hand treatments of ligated larvae with different doses of JHA induced pupation. Among the three AJHAs tested treatments of ETB promoted pupation. Treatments of ligated larvae with lower doses of EMD induced the formation of larval-pupal intermediates whereas those treated with higher dose moulted into either pupae or larval-pupal intermediates. FMev-treated larvae exhibited a complete inhibition of moulting and metamorphosis. In order to study whether AJHAs would prevent the JHA induced pupation, neck-ligated larvae were treated simultaneously with different doses of AJHAs and l|xg JHA. Co-application of JHA with different doses of EMD induced pupation in majority of the ligated larvae and thus appears to a certain extent to counteract the effects of treatments of same doses of EMD alone. Co-application of JHA with different doses of ETB elicited pupation in all the surviving ligated larvae. To a large extent co-application of JHA with different doses of FMev failed to induce pupation. The significance of the findings is discussed in the context of the mode of action of these AJHAs. Resume-Les trois (AJHAs) ont ete examines son pouvoir qu' empeche la transformation du Juvenile hormone dependent phase de Iarvaere-pupae. Ayant nourir derniere stade cou-ligatures larvaire de Spodoptera mauritia sont traite topicalement avec en doses differements du Juvenile hormone analog (JHA) ou AJHAs, tetra-hydro-4-fluoromethyl-4-hydroxy-2//-pyran-2-one (FMev), ethyl-4-[2-(tert-butyl carbonyloxy)butoxy] benzoate (ETB) et ethyl-[E]-3-methyl 2dodecanoate (EMD). Non traite larvaire ligatures ou eel les sont traite avec acetone survie pendant 12 ± 1 jours sans aucune signe de secretion par pupal cuticle. D'ailleurs traitement des larvaires ligatures avec en doses differents de JHA induit pupation. Parmi les larvaire deja traite par trois AJHAs sont induit pupation par ETB. Traitment des larvaires ligatures avec en doses inferieurs du EMD induit la formation de larvaires-pupal intermediares tandisque celles qui sont traites en doses superieurs mue a pupae ou larvaires pupal intermediares. Larvaires traites par FMev montre une inhibition complete du mue et metamorphosis. A fin d'etudier siAJHAs empechevont JHA induit pupation, cou-ligature larvaires sont traite simultanement avec en doses differents des AJHAs et 1 |ig JHA. En majorite des larvaires ligatures induit pupation par co-traitment de JHA avec en doses differe...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Effects of anti-juvenile hormone agents and a juvenile hormone analog on neck-ligated post-feeding last instar larvae of Spodoptera mauritia Boisd. (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

Balamani

Nair

1989

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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“…Flesh flies (Sarcophaga) overwinter as diapausing pupae a few centimetres underground (Denlinger, 1981) where they are normally exposed to sub-zero temperatures for many months. In S.crassipalpis Macquart, cold hardiness appears to be a component of the diapause syndrome (Adedokun & Denlinger, 1984): diapause-destined larvae tolerate exposure to -10°C much better than nondiapause-destined larvae, and diapausing pupae are consistently more tolerant of low temperature than non-diapausing pupae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold tolerance in diapausing and non‐diapausing stages of the flesh fly, Sarcophaga crassipalpis

Lee¹,

Denlinger²

1985

Physiological Entomology

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144

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Supercooling points (SCP) and low temperature tolerance were determined for larval, pupal and adult stages of Sarcophaga crassipalpis Macquart (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). No stage tolerates tissuefreezing. Ontogenetic changes in SCP profiles are similar for comparable developmental stages of diapause and non-diapause groups. Feeding larvae have SCPs near -7°C which decrease to -11°C in the postfeeding wandering phase of the final larval instar. The lowest SCPs are recorded for pupae at -23°C. The capacity to survive at -17°C varies with age of the diapausing pupae: 10-day-old pupae are less cold tolerant than pupae that have been in diapause for 45-80 days. Although the SCP of nondiapausing pupae is as low as in diapausing pupae, non-diapausing pupae are extremely sensitive to low temperature exposure and do not survive to adult eclosion when exposed to -17°C for as little as 20 min. The use of hexane to break pupal diapause has no effect on SCPs or low temperature tolerance.

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“…In this study, we examine the refationship between cold-hardiness and pupal diapause in the flesh flies, Sarcophaga crassipalpis Macquart and S.bitllata Parker. Though many components of diapause in flesh flies have been investigated (reviews by Denlinger, 1981 ;Saunders, 1982), the relationship of diapause to cold-hardiness remains undefined. In these species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold‐hardiness: a component of the diapause syndrome in pupae of the flesh flies, Sarcophaga crassipalpis and S. bullata

Adedokun

Denlinger

1984

Physiological Entomology

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ABSTRACT. Diapausing pupae of Sarcophaga crassipalpis Macquart and S. bullata Parker reared at 20 or 25d̀C readily survive exposure to ‐ 10d̀C for at least 25 days. In contrast, non‐diapausing pupae produced by a variety of means are consistently intolerant of the low temperature. Non‐diapausing pupae are not immediately killed by exposure to ‐10d̀C: pupae exposed to the low temperature for up to 3 days proceed with pharate adult development but ultimately die before adult eclosion. Unlike many temperate zone insects, diapausing flesh fly pupae do not require a period of chilling for induction of cold‐hardiness, and the attribute of cold‐hardiness cannot be separated from other features of the diapause syndrome. Some cold‐hardiness is already acquired during the third larval instar: diapause‐destined larvae exposed to ‐10d̀C are more successful in pupariating than non‐diapause‐destined larvae of the same age.

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The Physiology of Pupal Diapause in Flesh Flies

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of anti-juvenile hormone agents and a juvenile hormone analog on neck-ligated post-feeding last instar larvae of Spodoptera mauritia Boisd. (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

Effects of anti-juvenile hormone agents and a juvenile hormone analog on neck-ligated post-feeding last instar larvae of Spodoptera mauritia Boisd. (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

Cold tolerance in diapausing and non‐diapausing stages of the flesh fly, Sarcophaga crassipalpis

Cold‐hardiness: a component of the diapause syndrome in pupae of the flesh flies, Sarcophaga crassipalpis and S. bullata

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