The Physiology and Pathophysiology of Interstitial Cells of Cajal: Pacemaking, Innervation, and Stretch Sensation

Huizinga, Jan D.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809954-4.00013-x

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 271 publications

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“…A major reason for exploration of rhythmic motor patterns that are likely associated with ICC pacemaker activity is the consistent finding that ICC are markedly reduced in patients with severe constipation who underwent surgery . It is not known if loss of ICC is a primary cause of constipation but loss of ICC causes dysmotility .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cyclic motor patterns in the human colon

Pervez

Ratcliffe

Parsons

et al. 2020

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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are co-senior authors.Abbreviations: CMP, Cyclic motor pattern; HAPW, High-amplitude propagating pressure wave; SPW, Simultaneous pressure wave. AbstractBackground: High-resolution colonic manometry gives an unprecedented window into motor patterns of the human colon. Our objective was to characterize motor activities throughout the entire colon that possessed persistent rhythmicity and spanning at least 5 cm.Methods: High-resolution colonic manometry using an 84-channel water-perfused catheter was performed in 19 healthy volunteers. Rhythmic activity was assessed during baseline, proximal balloon distention, meal, and bisacodyl administration.Key Results: Throughout the entire colon, a cyclic motor pattern occurred either in isolation or following a high-amplitude propagating pressure wave (HAPW), consisting of clusters of pressure waves at a frequency centered on 11-13 cycles/min, unrelated to breathing. The cluster duration was 1-6 minutes; the pressure waves traveled for 8-27 cm, lasting 5-8 seconds. The clusters itself could be rhythmic at 0.5-2 cpm.The propagation direction of the individual pressure waves was mixed with >50% occurring simultaneous. This high-frequency cyclic motor pattern co-existed with the well-known low-frequency cyclic motor pattern centered on 3-4 cpm. In the rectum, the low-frequency cyclic motor pattern dominated, propagating predominantly in retrograde direction. Proximal balloon distention, a meal and bisacodyl administration induced HAPWs followed by cyclic motor patterns. Conclusions and Inferences:Within cyclic motor patterns, retrograde propagating, low-frequency pressure waves dominate in the rectum, likely keeping the rectum empty; and mixed propagation, high-frequency pressure waves dominate in the colon, likely promoting absorption and storage, hence contributing to continence.Propagation and frequency characteristics are likely determined by network properties of the interstitial cells of Cajal. K E Y W O R D S colonic motility, cyclic motor pattern, high-resolution colonic manometry, interstitial cells of Cajal, rectal pressure waves S U PP O RTI N G I N FO R M ATI O N Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cyclic motor patterns in the human colon

Pervez

Ratcliffe

Parsons

et al. 2020

Neurogastroenterology Motil

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“…Colonic motility is regulated by a multitude of control systems. The colonic musculature receives rhythmic depolarization from the colonic pacemaker networks of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) and on-demand depolarization from the enteric nervous system (Furness, 2012;Huizinga, 2018). Motor patterns are generated in response to stimuli that are mediated by sensory and motor neurons, intrinsic and extrinsic to the musculature (Bharucha et al, 1993(Bharucha et al, , 2008Brierley et al, 2004;Costa and Brookes, 2008;Wang et al, 2009;Knowles et al, 2013;Callaghan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Colonic Motor Patterns and Autonomic Nervous System Activity Assessed by High-Resolution Manometry and Concurrent Heart Rate Variability

et al. 2020

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Abnormal colonic motility may be associated with dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Our aim was to evaluate if associations between colonic motor patterns and autonomic neural activity could be demonstrated by assessing changes in heart rate variability (HRV) in healthy volunteers. A total of 145 colonic motor patterns were assessed in 11 healthy volunteers by High-Resolution Colonic Manometry (HRCM) using an 84-channel water-perfused catheter. Motor patterns were evoked by balloon distention, a meal and luminal bisacodyl. The electrocardiogram (ECG) and cardiac impedance were assessed during colonic manometry. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and root mean square of successive differences of beat-to-beat intervals (RMSSD) served as measures of parasympathetic reactivity while the Baevsky's Stress Index (SI) and the pre-ejection period (PEP) were used as measures of sympathetic reactivity. Taking all motor patterns into account, our data show that colonic motor patterns are accompanied by increased parasympathetic activity and decreased sympathetic activity that may occur without eliciting a significant change in heart rate. Motor Complexes (more than one motor pattern occurring in close proximity), High-Amplitude Propagating Pressure Waves followed by Simultaneous Pressure Waves (HAPW-SPWs) and HAPWs without SPWs are all associated with an increase in RSA and a decrease in SI. Hence RSA and SI may best reflect autonomic activity in the colon during these motor patterns as compared to RMSSD and PEP. SI and PEP do not measure identical sympathetic

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“…A network of myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal in the corpus of the stomach serve as its "pacemaker", constantly and intrinsically generating a ca. 0.05 Hz electrical slow wave, which governs gastric peristalsis when there is food or chyme in the stomach, and which is transmitted to the brain chiefly by vagal afferents [1][2][3][4]. A recent study Rebollo et al [5] combining resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) with concurrent surface electrogastrography (EGG), in which signals are recorded from cutaneous electrodes on the epigastrium (abdominal skin over the stomach), reported that brain activity in 12 regions including somato-motor cortices, dorsal precuneus, and the extrastriate body area was significantly phase-locked to the basal gastric rhythm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase-locking of resting-state brain networks with the gastric basal electrical rhythm

Choe

Tang

Smith³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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A network of myenteric interstitial cells of Cajal in the corpus of the stomach serves as its “pacemaker”, continuously generating a ca. 0.05 Hz electrical slow wave, which is transmitted to the brain chiefly by vagal afferents. A recent study combining resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) with concurrent surface electrogastrography (EGG), with cutaneous electrodes placed on the epigastrium, found 12 brain regions with activity that was significantly phase-locked with this gastric basal electrical rhythm. Therefore, we asked whether fluctuations in brain resting state networks (RSNs), estimated using a spatial independent component analysis (ICA) approach, might be synchronized with the stomach. In the present study, in order to determine whether any RSNs are phase-locked with the gastric rhythm, an individual participant underwent 22 scanning sessions; in each, two 15-minute runs of concurrent EGG and rsfMRI data were acquired. EGG data from three sessions had weak gastric signals and were excluded; the other 19 sessions yielded a total of 9.5 hours of data. The rsfMRI data were analyzed using group ICA; RSN time courses were estimated using dual regression; for each run, the phase-locking value (PLV) was computed between each RSN and the gastric signal. To assess statistical significance, PLVs from all pairs of “mismatched” data (EGG and rsfMRI data acquired on different days) were used as surrogate data to generate a null distribution for each RSN. Of a total of 18 RSNs, three were found to be significantly phase-locked with the basal gastric rhythm, namely, a cerebellar network, a dorsal somatosensory-motor network, and a default mode network. Disruptions to the gut-brain axis, which sustains interoceptive feedback between the central nervous system and the viscera, are thought to be involved in various disorders; manifestation of the infra-slow rhythm of the stomach in brain rsfMRI data could be useful for studies in clinical populations.

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The Physiology and Pathophysiology of Interstitial Cells of Cajal: Pacemaking, Innervation, and Stretch Sensation

Cited by 16 publications

References 271 publications

The cyclic motor patterns in the human colon

The cyclic motor patterns in the human colon

Associations Between Colonic Motor Patterns and Autonomic Nervous System Activity Assessed by High-Resolution Manometry and Concurrent Heart Rate Variability

Phase-locking of resting-state brain networks with the gastric basal electrical rhythm

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