The Physiological Gradients in Hydra I. Reconstitution and Budding in Relation to Length of Piece and Body Level in Pelmatohydra oligactis

Weimer, Bernal R.

doi:10.1086/physzool.1.2.30151045

Cited by 28 publications

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“…In addition, we generated a high-quality draft genome for the Innsbruck female12 strain of H. oligactis . We were motivated to generate a genome reference for H. oligactis because its phylogenetic position as a sister species to H. vulgaris —along with unique traits such as reduced regenerative capacity ( Weimer 1928 ; Hoffmeister 1991 ; Grens et al 1996 ), a deficient heat shock response ( Bosch et al 1988 ), and inducible senescence ( Yoshida et al 2006 )—makes it valuable for comparative genomic studies of the Hydra genus. The resulting assemblies for H. vulgaris and H. oligactis were of equivalent or greater completeness and contiguity compared with other available hydrozoan genomes ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Hydra genus is associated with several noteworthy evolutionary gains and losses, including the loss of a medusa stage, the acquisition of stably associated endosymbionts in H. viridissima ( Schwentner and Bosch 2015 ), and the loss of certain types of aboral regeneration in Hydra oligactis ( Supplemental Fig. S1 ; Weimer 1928 ; Hoffmeister 1991 ; Grens et al 1996 ). Thus, effectively establishing a framework for systematic comparative approaches would greatly enhance our ability to interrogate both the conserved and unique aspects of Hydra biology.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A chromosome-scale epigenetic map of theHydragenome reveals conserved regulators of cell state

et al. 2023

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The epithelial and interstitial stem cells of the freshwater polypHydraare the best characterized stem cell systems in any cnidarian, providing valuable insight into cell type evolution and the origin of stemness in animals. However, little is known about the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that determine how these stem cells are maintained and how they give rise to their diverse differentiated progeny. To address such questions, a thorough understanding of transcriptional regulation inHydrais needed. To this end, we generated extensive new resources for characterizing transcriptional regulation inHydra, including new genome assemblies forHydra oligactisand the AEP strain ofHydra vulgaris, an updated whole-animal single-cell RNA-seq atlas, and genome-wide maps of chromatin interactions, chromatin accessibility, sequence conservation, and histone modifications. These data revealed the existence of large kilobase-scale chromatin interaction domains in theHydragenome that contain transcriptionally co-regulated genes. We also uncovered the transcriptomic profiles of two previously molecularly uncharacterized cell types, isorhiza-containing nematocytes and somatic gonad ectoderm. Finally, we identified novel candidate regulators of cell-type-specific transcription, several of which have likely been conserved at least since the divergence ofHydraand the jellyfishClytia hemisphaericaover 400 million years ago.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A chromosome-scale epigenetic map of theHydragenome reveals conserved regulators of cell state

et al. 2023

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“…3A). At the same time head regeneration is prevented (Weimer, 1928;Rulon and Child, 1937;Sanyal, 1966;Tardent, 1972). (2) Transplanting small pieces of hypostomal tissue to a certain position along the body length axis causes the outgrowth of an axis (branch or bud), as does transplanting a head with the hypostomal tip in front ( Fig.…”

Section: Certain Manipulations Cause a Bud Of Hydra To Develop Into Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of branch formation and branch patterning in Hydrozoa

Berking¹

2006

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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The freshwater polyp Hydra produces buds which separate from the parent. Other Hydrozoa produce branches which remain connected to the parent, thus forming a colony. Some Hydrozoa grow by means of an organ that is like a shoot apical meristem. Others display a sympodial type of growth. In this article, I propose that these different types of branches are organized by a common pattern-forming system. This system has self-organizing properties. It causes branch tip formation and is kept active in the tip when the tip finally differentiates into a hypostome of a polyp. The system does not cause structure formation directly but rather, determines a tissue property called positional value, in such a way that a gradient of values forms in the tissue of the bud or branch. The local value determines the local morphodynamic processes, including differentiation of the hypostome (highest positional value), tentacles and basal disc and of the exoskeleton pattern along the shoot. A high positional value favors the onset of a new selforganizing process and by lateral inhibition, such a process prevents the initiation of a further process in its surroundings. Small quantitative differences in the range of the signals involved determine whether a bud or a branch forms and whether monopodial and sympodial growth follows.

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“…Much work on various species of Hydra has shown that regeneration of tentacles occurs more rapidly from distal than from proximal levels of the axis (Peebles, 1897; Browne, 1909;Weimer, 1928;Rulon & Child, 1937;Spangenberg & Eakin, 1961;Webster & Wolpert, 1966). Although Browne's (1909) results suggest that tentacles develop because of the presence of a hypostome, her results also show that the time required for their formation does not necessarily reflect the time required for hypostome formation.…”

Section: (A) the Axial Gradient In The Time Required For Hypostome Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Morphogenesis and Pattern Formation in Hydroids

Webster

1971

Biological Reviews

119

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The Physiological Gradients in Hydra I. Reconstitution and Budding in Relation to Length of Piece and Body Level in Pelmatohydra oligactis

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

A chromosome-scale epigenetic map of theHydragenome reveals conserved regulators of cell state

A chromosome-scale epigenetic map of theHydragenome reveals conserved regulators of cell state

Principles of branch formation and branch patterning in Hydrozoa

Morphogenesis and Pattern Formation in Hydroids

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