The Physiological Basis of Behaviour

Silber, Kevin

doi:10.4324/9780203977712

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Most observed behavioural responses to sensory pollutants are driven by underlying physiological changes 33 . For instance, many organisms show altered activity patterns in response to artificial light at night.…”

Section: Impact Of Sensory Pollution On Behaviour and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Why conservation biology can benefit from sensory ecology

Halfwerk²,

et al. 2020

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Global expansion of human activities is associated with the introduction of novel stimuli, such as anthropogenic noise, artificial lights, and chemical agents. Progress in documenting the ecological effects of sensory pollutants is weakened by sparse knowledge of the mechanisms underlying these effects. This severely limits our capacity to devise mitigation measures. Here, we integrate knowledge of animal sensory ecology, physiology, and life history to articulate three perceptual mechanismsmasking, distracting, and misleadingthat clearly explain how and why anthropogenic sensory pollutants impact organisms. We then link these three mechanisms to ecological consequences, and discuss their implications for conservation. We argue that this framework can reveal the presence of 'sensory danger zones', hotspots of conservation concern where sensory pollutants overlap in space and time with an organism's activity, and foster development of strategic interventions to mitigate the impact of sensory pollutants. Future research that applies this framework will provide critical insight to preserve the natural sensory world.

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Section: Impact Of Sensory Pollution On Behaviour and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Why conservation biology can benefit from sensory ecology

Halfwerk²,

et al. 2020

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A molecular war: convergent and ontogenetic evidence for adaptive host manipulation in related parasites infecting divergent hosts

et al. 2019

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Mermithids (phylum Nematoda) and hairworms (phylum Nematomorpha) somehow drive their arthropod hosts into water, which is essential for the worms' survival after egression. The mechanisms behind this behavioural change have been investigated in hairworms, but not in mermithids. Establishing a similar mechanistic basis for host behavioural change between these two distantly related parasitic groups would provide strong convergent evidence for adaptive manipulation and insight into how these parasites modify and/or create behaviour. Here, we search for this convergence, and also contrast changes in physiology between hosts infected with immature and mature mermithids to provide the first ontogenetic evidence for adaptive manipulation by disentangling host response and pathology from the parasite's apparent manipulative effects. We used SWATH-mass spectrometry on brains of Forficula auricularia (earwig) and Bellorchestia quoyana (sandhopper), infected with the mermithids Mermis nigrescens and Thaumamermis zealandica , respectively, at both immature and mature stages of infection, to quantify proteomic changes resulting from mermithid infection. Across both hosts (and hairworm-infected hosts, from earlier studies), the general function of dysregulated proteins was conserved. Proteins involved in energy generation/mobilization were dysregulated, corroborating reports of erratic/hyperactive behaviour in infected hosts. Dysregulated proteins involved in axon/dendrite and synapse modulation were also common to all hosts, suggesting neuronal manipulation is involved in inducing positive hydrotaxis. Furthermore, downregulation of CamKII and associated proteins suggest manipulation of memory also contributes to the behavioural shift.

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The Physiological Basis of Behaviour

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Why conservation biology can benefit from sensory ecology

Why conservation biology can benefit from sensory ecology

A molecular war: convergent and ontogenetic evidence for adaptive host manipulation in related parasites infecting divergent hosts

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