The Physiologic Maintenance of the Male Sex Glands

Walsh, E. L.; Cuyler, W. Kenneth; McCullagh, D. Roy

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1934.107.2.508

Cited by 105 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This high-androgen environment may well extend beyond the tubules to the epididymis, since fluid entering the tubules appears to be continually transferred to the proximal part of the ductus epididymidis where much of it is resorbed (Mason & Shaver, 1952). The high testosterone concen¬ tration in testicular lymph relative to that in peripheral blood may thus be significant in relation to the possible role of androgen in the maintenance of spermatogenesis (Walsh et al 1934) and sperm survival in the epididymis (Moore, 1928). 31 Endoc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The composition of testicular lymph probably resembles that of the interstitial fluid, and may thus indicate the hormone content of the fluid entering the tubules and bathing the germinal epithelium. It has been suggested that the secre¬ tion of Leydig cells is of critical importance for the maintenance of spermatogenesis (Walsh, Cuyler & McCullagh, 1934;Nelson, 1937;Woods & Simpson, 1961). If this is true, then the determination of testosterone and related steroids in testicular lymph assumes added significance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partition of Androgen Between the Lymph and Venous Blood of the Testis in the Ram

Lindner¹

1963

Journal of Endocrinology

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Testicular lymph collected from rams contained testosterone and androstenedione. The concentration of testosterone in testicular lymph ranged from < 2\ m=. \ 5 to 10\m=.\6\g=m\g./100 ml. in untreated rams, and from 8\ m=. \ 9 to 61\m=.\4\ g=m\ g. / 100 ml. in rams treated with human chorionic gonadotrophin, and was closely correlated with the hormone level in testicular venous blood. Testosterone concentration in lymph was lower than that in the plasma of spermatic vein blood (mean ratio 0\m=.\61), but was two to eight times higher than the concentration in arterial blood plasma.Blood flow rate through the testis (2-3 1./hr.) was 300 to 400 times higher than the mean rate of lymph collection (7.5 ml./hr./testis). It is concluded that only a very small fraction of the androgen output of the testis is carried to the general circulation in lymph. It appears, however, that androgen release is attended by escape of testosterone into the tissue fluid of the testis, and hence the seminiferous tubules may be exposed to much higher concentrations of the hormone than are androgen target organs remote from the testis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partition of Androgen Between the Lymph and Venous Blood of the Testis in the Ram

Lindner¹

1963

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Leydig cells within the interstitial compartments produce testosterone, which is important to maintain spermatogenesis (Lipsett et al, 1966) and male secondary sex characteristics (Walsh et al, 1934). Pituitary gonadotropin luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates testosterone production and subsequent downstream effects (Haider, 2004).…”

Section: Leydig Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disturbance in Testosterone Production in Leydig Cells by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Oh¹

2014

Development &Amp; Reproduciton

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“…6, 7). In the analysis of this response the following facts are pertinent: a), androgen injections maintain or repair the tubules but not the interstitial cells of hypophysectomizied males (7,8,9) and b), the interstitial cells when stimulated secrete androgen. There is therefore justification for the assumption that metakentrin ac' tually stimulates only the interstitial cells of the testes and that these in turn secrete the androgen which maintains and stimulates the accessory organs and the seminifer' ous tubules.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gonadotropins of the Swine Pituitary I. Various Biological Effects of Purified Thylakentrin (Fsh) and Pure Metakentrin (Icsh)

1942

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NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY\ EVERAL RECENT STUDIES from this laboratory offer strong support of the belief (i) that at least two gonadotropins can be isolated from extracts of pituitary glands. Preliminary evidence was obtained from experiments with extracts of hog glands digested by proteolytic enzymes permitting differentiation of gametogenic ('follicle stimulating') and interstitial cell'Stimulating effects depending upon the en' zyme used and the extent of digestion (2). Physicochemical methods were next em' ployed to separate the gonadotropins from hog pituitary extracts which had not undergone preliminary enzymic hydrolysis (3). The interstitial cell'Stimulating hor' mone as a pure protein was isolated (4). The gametogenic hormone was separated as a substance with only one apparent biological effect; however, the purest preparations contained small proportions of two contaminating impurities.Work in the University of California (5) likewise led to the isolation of interstitial cell'Stimulating hormone from pituitary glands of another mammal, the sheep. We have had the opportunity of making a limited examination of the potency and bio' logical action of this extract believed, like our hog pituitary protein, to be a pure sub' stance.In this report and the two which follow it, the term thylakentrin will be used to refer to the gametogenic hormone (FSH or follick'Stimulating hormone) and the term metakentrin will refer to the interstitial cell'Stimulating hormone (ICSH and, in a restricted sense only, luteinizjng hormone). The basis for suggesting these names is given by Coffin and van Dyke (6).The results of a ramified investigation of the biological action of pure metakentrin as well as more restricted and less elaborate biological experiments with thylakentrin will be described in this first report. The second report will deal completely with a simplified method of securing pure metakentrin. Physicochemical evidence of purity as well as additional biological data important for demonstrating that the protein is the hormone will also be presented. The third and last report will offer immunological evidence not only of the purity of hog metakentrin but also of its striking immunologi' cal difference from sheep metakentrin whether in crude extract or in pure form.Unless otherwise noted, the metakentrin was the pure protein derived from hog pituitary glands and the thylakentrin, of similar origin, was about 80 per cent pure. 1

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The Physiologic Maintenance of the Male Sex Glands

Cited by 105 publications

References 0 publications

Partition of Androgen Between the Lymph and Venous Blood of the Testis in the Ram

Partition of Androgen Between the Lymph and Venous Blood of the Testis in the Ram

Disturbance in Testosterone Production in Leydig Cells by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Gonadotropins of the Swine Pituitary I. Various Biological Effects of Purified Thylakentrin (Fsh) and Pure Metakentrin (Icsh)

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