The Physics of Flow Through Porous Media

Scheidegger, Adrian E.

doi:10.1097/00010694-195812000-00015

Cited by 1,024 publications

(725 citation statements)

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“…For each pressure gradient, Re was small (<<1) so that inertial forces were negligible compared with pressure gradient and viscous forces. The bulk flow obeyed Darcy's law, and the water saturation was linearly proportional to the permeability [Scheidegger, 1960]. Water saturation is defined by 0w = 1 -0n, where 0,• is NAPL saturation.…”

Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore‐scale modeling of dissolution from variably distributed nonaqueous phase liquid blobs

Knutson¹,

Werth²,

Valocchi³

2001

Water Resources Research

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Abstract. Contamination of groundwater by nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) is widely recognized as a serious environmental problem. Predicting the dissolution, fate, and transport of these organic chemicals in the subsurface is challenging because geological heterogeneity exists at numerous scales. To better understand heterogeneity at the pore scale, we use the lattice Boltzmann (LB) method to simulate water flow and solute transport from distributed NAPL blobs in a two-dimensional porous media. The LB method approximates the momentum and mass transport equations at the pore scale, easily incorporating complex boundary conditions of the porous media. The effects of NAPL blob configuration and Peclet number (Pe) on steady state mass transfer are studied at 7% and 15% NAPL saturation. We find that the solute flux out of the simulated system decreases substantially as the transverse length over which NAPL blobs are distributed decreases; for example, the solute flux is reduced by a factor of 2 by confining the NAPL blobs to only half of the transverse length. Values of Sherwood numbers determined from our simulations are slightly less than values determined from previously published mass transfer correlations. Our results indicate that pore-scale NAPL configuration significantly affects mass transfer and that correlations should be modified to account for it. We find that the dimensionless mass transfer coefficient increases with Pe for the values used in our simulations, where the rate of increase decreases with increasing Pe. We observe that much of the variability in computed mass transfer coefficients is accounted for by differences in the NAPL-water interfacial area at high Pe. However, at lower Pe, variability remains due to NAPL configuration.

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Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore‐scale modeling of dissolution from variably distributed nonaqueous phase liquid blobs

Knutson¹,

Werth²,

Valocchi³

2001

Water Resources Research

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“…Although some progress has also been made lecently in othel procedules in this field, such as the homogenization method (e.g., Sanchez-Palencia, 1980;Ene and Polisevski, 1987;Mei and Auliault, 1991) and the statistical method (e.g., Dagan, 1986Dagan, , 1990Gelhar and Axness, 1983), the review has not given much attention to these meth- Scheidegger, 1960;Bear', 1972;Hannoura and Barends, 1981 (Scheidegger', 1960;Bear', 1972;Dullien, 1979).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Amoug others, the two most widely accepted colrelâtions are pelhaps the Ergun equations for packed beds (Ergun, 1952) (Kozen¡ 1927;Carman, 1937Carman, , 1938Carman, , 1956 (Blick' 1966 (Whitaker, 1969;Carbonell and Whitaker', 1984;Gray and O'Neill, 1976;Hassanazdh andGray, 1979a,b, J.980, 1987;Cvetkovió, 1986;Masliyah, 1988, 1991 (Scheidegger, 1960;Bear, 1972 In another theoretical derivation, Cvetkovió (1986) Masliyah, 1988Masliyah, , 1991Coulaud eú al., 1988;Mei and Auliault, 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The microscopic analysis of high forchheimer number flow in porous media

Ruth

1993

Transp Porous Med

115

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“…The flow rate through a packed bed of closely packed spheres is given by the following equation (13) Where η is the fluid viscosity, A f is the area of the packed bed of length L, ρ n is the density of nanoparticles, D n is the diameter of nanoparticles, ΔP is the pressure difference across the membrane, M is the mass of latex particle per unit area and ε (~0.4) is the porosity of nanoparticle layer. Flux can be calculated by (14) Carman-Kozeny correlates measured permeabilities with the internal surface area and solid volume fraction of porous medium and works in the laminar region where viscous forces are dominant [36][37][38][39] . This model explains the flow directly proportional to pressure drop and inversely proportional to fluid viscosity 40 .…”

Section: A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Membranes for Organic Solvent Nanofiltration Based on Preassembled Nanoparticles

Siddique

Peeva

Stoikos

et al. 2012

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A new class of organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) membranes has been fabricated by assembling nano-sized polymer particles with methacrylate moieties onto the surface of crosslinked polyimide ultrafiltration support membranes. Multiple layers of these nanoparticles create a separation film functionally similar to the top layer of an asymmetric OSN membrane.Nanoscale interstitial spaces formed between the particles serve as permeation channels. In principle, manipulating the size of the nanoparticles can be used to control the dimensions of the interstitial spaces through which permeation occurs. Two different sizes of nanoparticles -120 2 and 300 nm -were used. As expected, membrane separation performance changed with the size of nanoparticles employed due to the changes in interstitial dimensions. Crosslinked polyimide ultrafiltration membranes prepared by phase inversion were coated with successive layers of nanoparticles by spin coating. After coating the nanoparticles were crosslinked by photo initiated free radical polymerization using ultraviolet light (365nm wavelength). In addition to the size of the nanoparticles, the separation performance was also manipulated by changing the thickness of the nanoparticle layer. Membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The nanofiltration performance of these membranes was evaluated in solvents such as acetone and toluene. The molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of the membranes was from 200-1,000 g.mol -1 depending upon the nanoparticle diameter and thickness of the nanoparticle layer. Thus membranes with graded nanoscale porosities were successfully fabricated from interconnected nanoparticles providing control over membrane permeation performance.

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The Physics of Flow Through Porous Media

Cited by 1,024 publications

References 0 publications

Pore‐scale modeling of dissolution from variably distributed nonaqueous phase liquid blobs

Pore‐scale modeling of dissolution from variably distributed nonaqueous phase liquid blobs

The microscopic analysis of high forchheimer number flow in porous media

Membranes for Organic Solvent Nanofiltration Based on Preassembled Nanoparticles

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