The physicochemical properties of some imidazolium-based ionic liquids and their binary mixtures

Imidazolium Salt Ion Pairs in Solution

“…[30] More important, direct information about the presence of the structure of diluted IL species (loose and contact ion pairs, and higher aggregates, see Figure 4) can be easily accessed by conductivity measurements. In fact the formation of "neutral" contact ion pairs causes a decrease of the electrical conductivity at certain concentrations depending on the solvent.…”

Electronic Effects in Organic Chemistry

“…While the presence of acetic acid and the free carbene (at high temperature and low pressure) in the vapor phase has clearly been demonstrated, the concentration of the free carbene in the ionic liquid can still be small, since the ion network of the condensed phase is shown to stabilize ionic structures [110,111]. Thus, the question arises whether this carbene content is observable at all in the liquid phase.…”

“…For computations of spectral data, for example, TD-DFT [67,104] is often chosen due to its high cost-benefit ratio although such approaches cannot yet describe excited state potential energy surfaces (PESs) in general [105]. For CAM-B3LYP [110,111] and CAM-PBE0 [112] the results are in excellent agreement with the CR-EOM CCSD(T) results [113] if the asymptotic falloff is 1/r, and for approximations with an asymptotic falloff of 0.65/r only reasonable agreement is obtained. For zinc porphyrin in aqueous solution Govind et al investigated the accuracy of long range-corrected functionals in comparison to high-level CC methods.…”

“…The most common definition in the literature, by far, is (8), which is the special case of (20) where a ¼ ½ and b ¼ 0. 110 A. Guevara-García et al…”

“…In addition, a 1 H NMR spectroscopic study was conducted. In fact, a meta-analysis of the literature shows that ideal mixing behavior, i.e., a linear dependence of both temperature and molar composition, is found with regards to the density of most binary ionic liquid mixtures investigated to date [84,[106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113]. 8).…”