The physical quality of life index: A useful social indicator?

Larson, David A.; Wilford, Walton T.

doi:10.1016/0305-750x(79)90094-9

Cited by 52 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…It shares some features of some other well-being indicators, such as the Physical Quality of Life Index (PQLI) introduced by Morris (1979) and analyzed by Larson and Wilford (1979), which also combines three social indicators (infant mortality, adult literacy and life expectation). Surveys of the literature on the HDI are given in Kelly (1991), Sen (1992, 2000), and McGillivray and White (1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Weighting the Components of the Human Development Index: A Statistical Justification

Nguefack‐Tsague

Klasen

Zucchini

2011

Journal of Human Development and Capabilities

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractThe Human Development Index (HDI) published in the Human Development Report (HDR) of the United Nations Development Program is calculated as a simple average of the Life Expectancy Index (LEI), the Education Index (EI) and the Gross Domestic Product Index (GDPI). This paper provides statistical support for the use of this seemingly arbitrary equal weighting of the three components by treating human development as a latent concept imperfectly captured by its three component indices. We show that a principal component analysis (PCA) based on the correlation matrix of the components leads to practically the same weights. Specifically we show that, for the period 1975 to 2005, the first principal component accounts for between 78% and 90% of the total variability in the data, and that its coefficients are positive and nearly equal. By normalizing the coefficients, the simple average weighting (1/3, 1/3, 1/3) scheme is obtained. The ranks of countries obtained using the PCA weightings are very similar to those based on the HDI. An advantage of the simple equal weighting is that one can define a simple index to measure the balance of a country's development, given its HDI which we show below.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Weighting the Components of the Human Development Index: A Statistical Justification

Nguefack‐Tsague

Klasen

Zucchini

2011

Journal of Human Development and Capabilities

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“…As valid as their conceptual justifications might be, these standard indicators are often highly correlated, both ordinally and cardinally, among countries with income per capita, the most accepted measure of economic well-being achievement (Hicks and Streeten, 1979;Larson and Wilford, 1979;McGillivray, 1991;McGillivray and White, 1993;Srinivasan, 1994;Noorbakhsh, 1998;Cahill, 2004). This is especially the case for large, diverse samples of countries, much to the frustration or disappointment of some proponents of these indicators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Non-economic Well-being Achievement

McGillivray¹

2006

Inequality, Poverty and Well-Being

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Income per capita and most widely reported, non-or non-exclusively income based human well-being indicators are highly correlated among countries. Yet many countries exhibit higher achievement in the latter than predicted by the former. The reverse is true for many other countries. This paper commences by extracting the inter-country variation in a composite of various widely-reported, non-income-based well-being indices not accounted for by variations in income pre capita. This extraction is interpreted inter alia as a measure of non-economic well-being. The paper then looks at correlations between this extraction and a number of new or less widely-used well-being measures, in an attempt to find the measure that best captures these achievements. A number of indicators are examined, including measures of poverty, inequality, health status, education status, gender bias, empowerment, governance and subjective well-being.

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“…(Larson and Wilford, 1979) Dalam hal ini, pengembangan pemikiran sangat penting dengan disertai memperkenalkan reformasi kebutuhan manusia dalam prioritas pembangunan. Dengan berbagai kegiatan yang diprogramkan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dengan pemerataan, maka prioritas menyediakan kebutuhan dasar berupa pendidikan dan kesehatan sangat penting.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Perspektif Pembangunan Berpusat Pada Maunclassified

Peningkatan Kapasitas Manusia Sebagai Fokus dari People Centered Development

ARISTO¹,

Purwowibowo²,

Hendrijanto³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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This article discusses the development paradigm that focuses on human or people centered development. Many development paradigms have been applied in many developing countries, but the results have not been satisfactory. During this time the various paradigms emphasize economic growth, equity of development, and others, but the distortion of development appears everywhere. For example, development by emphasizes economic-growth was followed by massive environmental damage. In addition, poverty is still a portrait of people in developing countries, although the country is experiencing high economic growth. In realizing a prosperous society free of poverty, a new strategy or development paradigm that emphasizes its human factors are needed. In this case, this paradigm discusses the importance of the human element as the 'core' of development itself. If human beings are capable, have sufficient knowledge, adequate skills by themselves poverty will be reduced. Therefore, this paradigm more implies that is a 'capacity building ' of human beings so that it can become the subject of development and not just as an object of development themselves. Capacity building can be achieved through social development that emphasizes elements of education, knowledge, and skills so that they can try or do entrepreneurship and open their own job opportunities. Many cases, various development paradigms that emphasize economic growth are not able to absorb the available labor so that many are unemployed. With the ability of human or people, they have will be able to open their own business and do not depend on the provision of employment from the government. In the end they are able to alleviate self-poverty. Keyword: Economic Growth, Capacity Building, Entrepreneurship AbstrakArtikel ini membahas tentang paradigma pembangunan yang menitik beratkan pada manusia (people centered development). Banyak paradigma pembangunan yang telah diterapkan di banyak negara berkembang, tetapi hasilnya belum memuaskan. Selama ini berbagai paradigma menekankan pertumbuhan ekonomi, pemerataan pembangunan, dan lainnya, namun distorsi pembangunan muncul di mana-mana. Sebagai contoh, pembangunan yang menekankan pertumbuhan ternyata diikuti oleh kerusakan lingkungan yang sangat masif. Selain itu, kemiskinan masih menjadi potret masyarakat di negara berkembang, walaupun negara tersebut mengalami pertumbuhan ekonomi yang cukup tinggi. Dalam mewujudkan masyarakat yang sejahtera dan terbebas dari derita kemiskinan, diperlukan strategi baru atau paradigma pembangunan yang menekankan faktor kualitas manusianya. Dalam hal ini, paradigma ini membahas pentingnya unsur manusia sebagai 'inti' dari pembangunan itu sendiri. Jika manusianya mampu, mempunyai pengetahuan cukup, ketrampilan yang memadai dengan sendirinya kemiskinan akan dapat dikurangi. Oleh karena itu, paradigma ini lebih mengisyaratkan 'capacity building' dari manusia sehingga mampu menjadi subyek pembangunan dan bukan hanya sebagai obyek pembangunan semata. Akhirnya, peningkatan kapasitas manusia ...

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The physical quality of life index: A useful social indicator?

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

On Weighting the Components of the Human Development Index: A Statistical Justification

On Weighting the Components of the Human Development Index: A Statistical Justification

Measuring Non-economic Well-being Achievement

Peningkatan Kapasitas Manusia Sebagai Fokus dari People Centered Development

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