The Physical and Mathematical Modelling of Continuous Casting Tundish System.

Mazumdar, Dipak; Guthrie, R. I. L.

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.39.524

Cited by 193 publications

(139 citation statements)

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“…As a result there is little or no information on how the FCDs affect the slag layer. This is evident in the lack of mentions of slag entrainment as a result of the use of FCDs in the review of two decades of work (1979 to 1999) by Mazumdar and Guthri (1999). In a more recent review of work on tundish technology from 1989 to 2009, Chattopadhyay, Isac, and Guthri (2010) noted the lack of research on how FCDs affect the slag phase, and pointed out the lack of both physical and numerical models to predict tundish slag entrainment.…”

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“…Numerical and physical modelling of tundish slag entrainment and Koria, 2008;Mazumdar and Guthri, 1999;Sahai and Emi, 2008). As a result there is little or no information on how the FCDs affect the slag layer.…”

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“…FCDs include dams, weirs, baffles, and turbulence inhibitors. It is now generally understood that any tundish without a FCD suffers from poor inclusion removal as a result of too short a melt residence time in the tundish (Mazumdar and Guthri, 1999).Due to the opaqueness of the steel melt and the elevated operating temperature (1600°C) in the tundish, the abovementioned studies were carried out using a combination of physical models, otherwise known as 'cold models', and numerical models. Physical models involve the use of reduced-scale water models where water is used to represent the steel melt.…”

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“…These studies were aimed at improving the flow characteristics in the tundish (Chattopadhyay, Isac, and Guthri, 2010;Cloete, 2014;Jha, Dash, and Kumar, 2001;Jha, Rao, and Dewan, 2008;Kumar, Koria, and Mazumdar, 2007;Kumar, Mazumdar, and Koria, 2008;Mazumdar and Guthri, 1999;Sahai and Emi, 1996;Sahai and Burval, 1992; Tripathi and Ajmani, 2011). These studies have led to the use of flow control devices (FCDs) to increase the melt residence time in the tundish and provide surface-directed flow so as to assist with inclusion removal.…”

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Numerical and physical modelling of tundish slag entrainment in the steelmaking process

Mabentsela

Akdogan

Bradshaw

2017

J. South. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall.

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The tundish serves as the last metallurgical vessel through which steel passes before solidifying in the moulds. It is in the tundish that the last traces of non-metallic inclusions should be removed, otherwise the inclusions carry over to the moulds and cause defects in the steel product. In the tundish, the slag is less dense than the melt and thus resides on the top of the melt. The slag provides a sink into which the non-metallic inclusions float to and dissolve. The slag also protects the melt from air and heat loss. However, when slag is entrained in the melt as a result of increased turbulence or shearing at the steel-slag interface, slag can become a source of nonmetallic inclusions.Numerous studies on flow patterns in the tundish have been carried out since the introduction of the tundish. These studies were aimed at improving the flow characteristics in the tundish (Chattopadhyay, Isac, and Guthri, 2010;Cloete, 2014;Jha, Dash, and Kumar, 2001;Jha, Rao, and Dewan, 2008;Kumar, Koria, and Mazumdar, 2007;Kumar, Mazumdar, and Koria, 2008;Mazumdar and Guthri, 1999;Sahai and Emi, 1996;Sahai and Burval, 1992; Tripathi and Ajmani, 2011). These studies have led to the use of flow control devices (FCDs) to increase the melt residence time in the tundish and provide surface-directed flow so as to assist with inclusion removal. FCDs include dams, weirs, baffles, and turbulence inhibitors. It is now generally understood that any tundish without a FCD suffers from poor inclusion removal as a result of too short a melt residence time in the tundish (Mazumdar and Guthri, 1999).Due to the opaqueness of the steel melt and the elevated operating temperature (1600°C) in the tundish, the abovementioned studies were carried out using a combination of physical models, otherwise known as 'cold models', and numerical models. Physical models involve the use of reduced-scale water models where water is used to represent the steel melt. Numerical models involve using computational fluid dynamics packages to model the melt flow in the tundish. When used together, the physical model can be used to verify numerical model results. Once verified, the numerical model can then be adapted without the need of a physical model. This significantly reduces the costs of exploring new designs and also saves time.The flow behaviour studies that have led to the use of FCDs were done using both physical and numerical models. In most of these studies, the researchers were only concerned with the melt phase, i.e. how the FCD affects the melt residence time. Most researchers opted to use only water in their physical and numerical models (Chattopadhyay, Isac, and Guthri, 2010;Cloete, 2014; Numerical and physical modelling of tundish slag entrainment in the steelmaking process by A. Mabentsela*, G. Akdogan*, and S. Bradshaw* Physical and numerical modelling methods were followed to identify mechanism(s) for tundish slag entrainment in a bare tundish and one with a flow control device (FCD).The physical and numerical models made use of water and paraffi...

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