The physical and cellular conditions of the human pulmonary circulation enable thrombopoiesis

Ouzegdouh, Yasmine; Capron, Claude; Bauer, Thomas W.; Puymirat, Étienne; Diehl, Jean‐Luc; Martin, John F.; Cramer–Bordé, Elisabeth

doi:10.1016/j.exphem.2018.04.001

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…After entering the cava vein, bone marrow MKs reach the pulmonary circulation and then the lung [36]. These large MKs are filtrated in the pulmonary capillary bed producing platelets locally, but also releasing MKs with monolobed nucleus that are found later on in the peripheral circulation [37,38]. Such monolobed MKs present in PBMCs were thus used as easily accessible surrogates for bone marrow MKs [4,39].…”

Section: In Covid-19 Non-survivors Megakaryocytes Are Produced Follow...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection of lung megakaryocytes and platelets by SARS-CoV-2 anticipate fatal COVID-19

Zhu

Real

Capron

et al. 2022

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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SARS-CoV-2, although not being a circulatory virus, spread from the respiratory tract resulting in multiorgan failures and thrombotic complications, the hallmarks of fatal COVID-19. A convergent contributor could be platelets that beyond hemostatic functions can carry infectious viruses. Here, we profiled 52 patients with severe COVID-19 and demonstrated that circulating platelets of 19 out 20 non-survivor patients contain SARS-CoV-2 in robust correlation with fatal outcome. Platelets containing SARS-CoV-2 might originate from bone marrow and lung megakaryocytes (MKs), the platelet precursors, which were found infected by SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 autopsies. Accordingly, MKs undergoing shortened differentiation and expressing anti-viral IFITM1 and IFITM3 RNA as a sign of viral sensing were enriched in the circulation of deadly COVID-19. Infected MKs reach the lung concomitant with a specific MK-related cytokine storm rich in VEGF, PDGF and inflammatory molecules, anticipating fatal outcome. Lung macrophages capture SARS-CoV-2-containing platelets in vivo. The virus contained by platelets is infectious as capture of platelets carrying SARS-CoV-2 propagates infection to macrophages in vitro, in a process blocked by an anti-GPIIbIIIa drug. Altogether, platelets containing infectious SARS-CoV-2 alter COVID-19 pathogenesis and provide a powerful fatality marker. Clinical targeting of platelets might prevent viral spread, thrombus formation and exacerbated inflammation at once and increase survival in COVID-19.

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Section: In Covid-19 Non-survivors Megakaryocytes Are Produced Follow...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection of lung megakaryocytes and platelets by SARS-CoV-2 anticipate fatal COVID-19

Zhu

Real

Capron

et al. 2022

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

Self Cite

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“…Megakaryocytes occur also in the human pulmonary circulation. Here, von Willebrand factor combined with appropriate physical forces in flowing blood determine platelet release 42 …”

Section: How Is Platelet Size Established?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Large and small platelets—(When) do they differ?

Handtke

Thiele

2020

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

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Platelets are most important in providing cellular hemostasis but also take part in inflammation and immune processes. Increased platelet size has been regarded as a feature describing a young and more reactive subpopulation until studies were published which questioned this concept. Moreover, changes of platelet size given by the mean platelet volume (MPV) were described for immune thrombocytopenia, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, venous thromboembolism, chronic lung disease, sepsis, cancer‐associated thrombosis, autoimmune disorders, and others. This review summarizes the literature on what is known about platelets with different size and describes controversies of studies with large and small platelets putting a focus on their thrombogenicity, age, and on the association of MPV with the mentioned diseases.

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“…Consequently, podosomes form actin-rich anchors extending to the luminal surface of endothelial cells [ 10 ]. Proplatelet remodeling, fragmentation, and release represents the final step in this cascade, with the available evidence pointing towards the lung microcirculation as the primary site of this process due to a favorable hemodynamic profile [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Overview Of Platelet Biology and Main Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with Platelet Activation-Recent Pharmaceutical Approaches

Theofilis

Sagris

Oikonomou

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Platelets are at the forefront of human health and disease following the advances in their research presented in past decades. Platelet activation, their most crucial function, although beneficial in the case of vascular injury, may represent the initial step for thrombotic complications characterizing various pathologic states, primarily atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we initially summarize the structural and functional characteristics of platelets. Next, we focus on the process of platelet activation and its associated factors, indicating the potential molecular mechanisms involving inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and miRs. Finally, an overview of the available antiplatelet agents is being portrayed, together with agents possessing off-set platelet-inhibitory actions, while an extensive presentation of drugs under investigation is being given.

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The physical and cellular conditions of the human pulmonary circulation enable thrombopoiesis

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Infection of lung megakaryocytes and platelets by SARS-CoV-2 anticipate fatal COVID-19

Infection of lung megakaryocytes and platelets by SARS-CoV-2 anticipate fatal COVID-19

Large and small platelets—(When) do they differ?

Factors Associated with Platelet Activation-Recent Pharmaceutical Approaches

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