The Phylogeny of Primates

Fleagle, John G.; Seiffert, Erik R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804042-3.00061-0

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In the case of terrestrial primates, the retractor muscles of the shoulder are the pectoralis and latissimus dorsi muscles 49 . These muscles are more actives as retractors in platyrrhine primates than catarrhines due to their arboreal habits 65 . This may be due to the different postures they need when climbing or descending from the trees, 66 which would explain the presence of the m. pectoralis abdominalis muscle in S. apella .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…49 These muscles are more actives as retractors in platyrrhine primates than catarrhines due to their arboreal habits. 65 This may be due to the different postures they need when climbing or descending from the trees, 66 which would explain the presence of the m. pectoralis abdominalis muscle in S. apella. This muscle should potentiate the stabilization of the m. pectoralis profundus on the joint capsule of the shoulder.…”

Section: Functional Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gross anatomical description of the extrinsic and intrinsic scapular and brachial muscles of Sapajus apella (Linnaeus, 1758)

Monroy‐Cendales

García

Serrano

et al. 2022

J of Medical Primatology

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Sapajus apella is a Neotropical primate, commonly known as robust brown capuchin monkey. It belongs to the family Cebidae, which has two genera, such as Sapajus and Cebus. 1 The former comprises the most robust capuchins, and the latter consists of smaller-sized capuchins. 2 S. apella is distributed in South America, with the majority of the population in Brazil. It has a coat that varies between yellow and brown color. 3,4 The S. apella is considered a small primate, weighing between five and six kilogrames, 3,5 a characteristic that makes it easy-to-handle for laboratory work. In addition, it has the capacity to adapt to closed spaces and reproduce relatively easy in captivity. 5 Its diet is based on fruits, seeds, flowers, and insects, 3 for which it has developed an arboreal locomotion with terrestrial capacities.It is thought to spend 40% of its time in quadrupedal locomotion, and the remaining 60%, in arboreal habitats, mainly with climbing movements in trees and jumping between branches. 6 This species is one of the platyrrhine primates with the most remarkable cognitive abilities, 7 as it can handle tools due to, even with intermittent bipedalism. 8 Despite these locomotor skills, the anatomy involved in its different types of locomotion has not been described, particularly the extrinsic thoracic limb and brachial muscles. There is only a study about the intrinsic scapular muscles, 3 but the other muscles were not described. Other anatomical studies related to the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Functional Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross anatomical description of the extrinsic and intrinsic scapular and brachial muscles of Sapajus apella (Linnaeus, 1758)

Monroy‐Cendales

García

Serrano

et al. 2022

J of Medical Primatology

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“…Galagos are members of the strepsirrhine (prosimian) radiation of primates that include galagos and pottos of Africa, the lorises of India and southeast Asia, and the lemurs of Madagascar. Their brains, and especially their visual systems, have been of great interest to researchers as these primates have long been recognized as most closely resembling early primates (Fleagle & Seiffert, 2017; Le Gros Clark, 1959; Simpson, 1940). Like present‐day galagos, the first primates were small, nocturnal and well adapted to the fine branch niche of the tropical rainforest (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The postnatal development of retinal projections in strepsirrhine galagos (Otolemur garnettii)

Liao,

Gabi,

et al. 2023

J of Comparative Neurology

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Here, we describe the postnatal development of retinal projections in galagos. Galagos are of special interest as they represent the understudied strepsirrhine branch (galagos, pottos, lorises, and lemurs) of the primate radiations. The projections of both eyes were revealed in each galago by injecting red or green cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) tracers into different eyes of galagos ranging from postnatal day 5 to adult. In the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, the magnocellular, parvocellular, and koniocellular layers were clearly labeled and identified by having inputs from the ipsilateral or contralateral eye at all ages. In the superficial layers of the superior colliculus, the terminations from the ipsilateral eye were just ventral to those from the contralateral eye at all ages. Other terminations at postnatal day 5 and later were in the pregeniculate nucleus, the accessory optic system, and the pretectum. As in other primates, a small retinal projection terminated in the posterior part of the pulvinar, which is known to project to the temporal visual cortex. This small projection from both eyes was most apparent on day 5 and absent in mature galagos. A similar reduction over postnatal maturation has been reported in marmosets, leading to the speculation that early retinal inputs to the pulvinar are responsible for the activation and early maturation of the middle temporal visual area, MT.

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