The Phylogenetics of Mycotoxin and Sclerotium Production in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus oryzae

Two novel aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus species from Argentinean peanuts

“…Furthermore, these Argentinean isolates belong to the same VCG as described by Pildain et al (2004Pildain et al ( , 2005. This clade also includes four isolates assigned to A. flavus group II by Geiser et al (1998Geiser et al ( , 2000 and three isolates collected from soils from Australia, all producing small sclerotia. Our calmodulin and btubulin sequence data indicate that A. oryzae, A.thomii, A. kambarensis, A. fasciculatus and A. subolivaceus are very closely related to A. flavus.…”

“…Isolates in section Flavi producing small sclerotia apparently produce the same mixture of indoloditerpene alkaloids, whether they produce only B-type aflatoxins (NRRL 3251) or both B-and G-type aflatoxins [CBS 121.62 (5NRRL A-11612) and Nigerian and Indonesian strains] (Tanaka et al, 1989). There is phylogenetic evidence that Aspergillus flavus sensu lato may consist of several species (Geiser et al, 1998(Geiser et al, , 2000Chang et al, 2006). However, this is difficult to evaluate, as most strains examined in those studies were generally not deposited in major culture collections.…”

“…Austwick & Ayerst, 1963). Isolates representing A. flavus group II as defined by Geiser et al (1998Geiser et al ( , 2000 and soil isolates from Australia kindly provided by J. I. Pitt (CSIRO, North Ryde, Australia) were also included in the analyses.…”

Molecular and Biochemical Characterization of Potential Isolates of Trichoderma Species Effective against Soil-Borne Pathogens

“…The molecular characterization based on DNA sequencing of two unlinked loci, the ribosomal ITS region and the tef1gene (White et al, 1990). The tef-1 fragment was amplified by PCR using the specific primers (Geiser et al, 2004;Hermosa et al, 2004) (Table 1). The DNA was extracted using modified C-TAB method and PCR product was performed and analyzed through 1.2 agarose gel electrophoresis.…”

Análise da micobiota associada à entomofauna em rações a granel para animais domésticos

“…Quanto à produção de esclerócios, as cepas de A. flavus podem ser divididas em cepas S, produtoras de pequenos e numerosos esclerócios (diâmetro abaixo de 400 mm) e altos níveis de aflatoxinas, onde neste grupo temos a subdivisão de cepas S B (produtoras de aflatoxinas B) e cepas S BG , ou seja, isolados atípicos que produzem aflatoxinas do tipo B e G. Vale ressaltar que o fenótipo esclerocial S não é necessariamente previsível com respeito à produção de aflatoxinas. Existem as cepas L, produtoras de poucos, porém grandes esclerócios (maior que 400 mm) e baixos níveis de aflatoxinas (Saito et al, 1986;geiSer et al, 2000;reiS, 2009 Os autores observaram ainda que, após o consumo dos fungos, os besouros se alimentaram dos germes dos grãos de milho. Os dados apresentados no presente estudo corroboram com as publicações citadas, uma vez que não foram isolados fungos nos corpos de Cryptolestes e Liposcelis por serem micó-fagos e não demonstraram veicular fungos em seus corpos.…”