The phototrophic bacteria and their role in the sulfur cycle

Pfennig, Norbert

doi:10.1007/bf01928472

Cited by 80 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A similar pathway is common in bacteria (Peck, 1962;Aminuddin and Nicholas, 1973;Kuenen, 1975). Here, thiosulfate and elemental sulfur are viewed as either direct intermediates or side products depending on the bacteria and author involved (e. g., Peck, 1962;Kuenen, 1975;Pfennig, 1975;Triiper, 1975). A second pathway, which involves the simple oxidation of sulfide to elemental sulfur, is well known in bacteria (e. g. Hansen and van Gemerden, 1972;Oltmann and Stouthamer, 1975;Pfennig, 1975) but remains unreported in the animal kingdom.…”

Section: Mechanistic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptations to Sulfide in Sulfide-System Meiofauna. Endproducts of Sulfide Detoxification in Three Turbellarians and a Gastrotrich

Powell¹,

Crenshaw²,

Rieger³

1980

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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End-products of sulfide detoxification have been compared in three turbellarians and a gastrotrich typical of lenitic beaches with a well-developed sulfide system. Oxidation products were correlated with the oxygen concentration in the animal's habitat indicating that adaptation to life in the sulfide system involves reduction of dependency on molecular oxygen in metabolism. Archiloa wilsoni, a surface dwelling turbellarian, made sulfite and sulfate, which are rich in oxygen. Of the three sulfide-system species examined, the primary end-product in two (the turbellarian Pseudohaplogonaria sp. and the gastrotrich Dolichodasys carolinensis) was elemental sulfur which lacks oxygen The third species (the turbellarian Solenofilomorpha funilis) made thiosulfate, a compound with a high S : 0 ratio, plus sulfate and sulfite. The presence of an important pathway of sulfide oxidation with elemental sulfur as the major end-product was heretofore unknown in the animal kingdom. Its presence in two phyla, Platyhelminthes and Gastrotricha, however, indicates that it is widespread in the lower invertebrates. Similarly, the formation of thiosulfate as a major product of sulfide oxidation has not been reported previously in the invertebrates. The discoveries of two new pathways for sulfide detoxification and of major differences in sulfide metabolism within a single taxon, the turbellarian order Acoela, indicate that invertebrates have a variety of detoxification mechanisms based on sulfide oxidation and that a substantial degree of plasticity in the detoxification method can be expected even between closely related organisms. The possibility that the observed sulfide oxidation is by symbiotic prokaryotes, rather than the animals themselves, is discussed.

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Section: Mechanistic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptations to Sulfide in Sulfide-System Meiofauna. Endproducts of Sulfide Detoxification in Three Turbellarians and a Gastrotrich

Powell¹,

Crenshaw²,

Rieger³

1980

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…They have indeed the ability to oxidize hydrogen sulfide to sulfate under anaerobic conditions in the course of their anoxygenic photosynthesis. Anoxygenic photosynthesis accounts for a large proportion of total primary production in lakes where phototrophic sulfur bactiera are present (Pfennig 1975;Overmann 1997). The function of hydrogen sulfide in these bacteria is to provide electrons for the assimilation of CO 2 via the reductive pentose phosphate cycle (in purple bacteria) or the reductive carboxylic acid cycle (in green bacteria) (Biebl & Pfennig 1979;Evans et al 1966).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The function of hydrogen sulfide in these bacteria is to provide electrons for the assimilation of CO 2 via the reductive pentose phosphate cycle (in purple bacteria) or the reductive carboxylic acid cycle (in green bacteria) (Biebl & Pfennig 1979;Evans et al 1966). Sulfate and hydrogen sulfide are the two opposite compounds of the sulfur cycle and sulfate reduction is carried out under anaerobic conditions by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) which accumulate hydrogen sulfide in their environment (Pfennig 1975). The products of the degradation of settling biomass act as electron donors for the sulfate reduction (Lüthy et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine scale analysis of shifts in bacterial community structure in the chemocline of meromictic Lake Cadagno, Switzerland

Decristophoris¹,

Peduzzi²,

Ruggeri-Bernardi³

et al. 2009

J Limnol

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“…As compared with purple sulfur bacteria, green sulfur bacteria usually exist at deeper depths because the latter exhibit higher photoenergy conversion efficiency and sulfide tolerance (Pfennig 1975;Guerrero et al 1985). The contribution of anoxygenic photosynthesis to the total primary production in water bodies is 3-5% in lakes of low sulfide concentration (, 0.1 mmol L 21 ) and 20-90% in those of higher sulfide concentration (Takahashi and Ichimura 1968;Culver and Brunskill 1969).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal change in microbial sulfur cycling in monomictic Lake Fukami‐ike, Japan

Nakagawa

Ueno

Hattori

et al. 2012

Limnology & Oceanography

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Sulfur budgets and seasonal progression of sulfur cycling processes were investigated in Lake Fukami-ike, a small monomictic lake in Japan. The sulfur isotopic mass balance shows that the main sulfur source is groundwater inflow (d 34 S 5 215.0%). The sulfate influx is approximately 20% reduced by microbial sulfate reduction and deposited as sulfide (d 34 S 5 222.2%; 34 kmol yr 21 ); the remaining exits from the outflow channel (d 34 S 5 212.6%). In the water column, microbiological analyses reveal that green sulfur bacteria dominate more than 90% of the population in the anoxic layer. A monthly decrease in sulfate concentration at each depth indicates that sulfate reduction proceeds within the water column as a first-order reaction because of low sulfate concentration (, 600 mmol L 21 ). The isotopic fractionation factor of sulfate reduction is estimated to be 0.980 by the isotopic and concentration data of sulfate and sulfide from April to August. Numerical simulation indicates that the relative contribution of phototrophic sulfide oxidation is over 50 times slower than sulfate reduction from April to August but over two times higher from October to November because of lower sulfate conditions (, 300 mmol L 21 ). Sulfate concentration is the factor for controlling the relative contribution of sulfate reduction and phototrophic sulfide oxidation in monomictic lakes, which contrasts with that observed in permanently stratified lakes.

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The phototrophic bacteria and their role in the sulfur cycle

Cited by 80 publications

References 26 publications

Adaptations to Sulfide in Sulfide-System Meiofauna. Endproducts of Sulfide Detoxification in Three Turbellarians and a Gastrotrich

Adaptations to Sulfide in Sulfide-System Meiofauna. Endproducts of Sulfide Detoxification in Three Turbellarians and a Gastrotrich

Fine scale analysis of shifts in bacterial community structure in the chemocline of meromictic Lake Cadagno, Switzerland

Seasonal change in microbial sulfur cycling in monomictic Lake Fukami‐ike, Japan

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