The enthalpies of formation of formyl cyanide (HC(O)CN) and thioformyl cyanide (HC(S)CN) in the gas phase have been determined with the use of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry. The enthalpy of formation, ∆H f°( 298 K), of formyl cyanide is determined to be 26 ( 20 kJ mol -1 , whereas the value for thioformyl cyanide is 222 ( 30 kJ mol -1 . These enthalpies of formation are derived from experimental values of (i) the gas-phase acidities of the methylene groups in the CH 3 OCH 2 CN and CH 3 SCH 2 CN species (∆H°a cid (CH 3 OCH 2 CN) ) 1556 ( 8 kJ mol -1 and ∆H°a cid (CH 3 SCH 2 CN) ) 1494 ( 8 kJ mol -1 ), (ii) the enthalpy change for the dissociation of the CH 3 OC h HCN and CH 3 SC h HCN carbanions into a methyl radical and the radical anion of formyl cyanide and thioformyl cyanide, respectively (BDE-(CH 3 OC h HCN) ) 116 ( 10 kJ mol -1 and BDE(CH 3 SC h HCN) ) 133 ( 10 kJ mol -1 ), and (iii) the electron affinities of the neutral formyl species (EA(HC(O)CN) ) 65 ( 3 kJ mol -1 and EA(HC(S)CN) ) 159 ( 15 kJ mol -1 ). The structures of the two carbanions and the radical anions of the (thio)formyl species have been ascertained by high kinetic energy (8 keV) collision-induced charge-reversal (CR) experiments performed with the use of a double-focusing quadrupole hybrid mass spectrometer.