The PhoE porin and transmission of the chemical stimulus for induction of acid resistance (acid habituation) in <i>Escherichia coli</i>

Rowbury, R. J.; Goodson, Margaret; Wallace, Anne

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1992.tb01829.x

Cited by 33 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…AH appears to involve protein synthesis‐dependent and independent steps [26] with repair of DNA damage a key event [27]. A role for phosphate and the phosphate‐specific porin PhoE in AH was implicated by showing that phosphate ions inhibit AH and finding that phoE mutants are acid resistant [28]. It is proposed that PhoE provides a conduit for H + influx allowing acidification of the periplasm and stimulation of a transmembrane sensory protein that would signal induction of AH.…”

Section: Acid Resistance In E Coli and Shigella Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid stress responses in enterobacteria

Bearson

Foster

2006

FEMS Microbiology Letters

408

108

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The enteric microogranisms Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri prefer to grow in neutral pH environments. They nevertheless experience dramatic pH fluctuations in nature and during pathogenesis. In response to environmental encounters with acid, these organisms have evolved complex, inducible acid survival strategies. Regulatory features include an alternative factor (sigma S), 2- component signal transduction systems (PhoP/Q; MviA/?) and the major iron regulatory protein Fur. Specific survival mechanisms include emergency pH homeostasis by inducible amino acid decarboxylases and probable roles for DNA repair, chaparonins, membrane biogenesis as well as others that remain poorly defined. Continued study of acid survival in these organisms will provide insights regarding stress management and will have a direct impact on our understanding of pathogenesis.

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Section: Acid Resistance In E Coli and Shigella Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acid stress responses in enterobacteria

Bearson

Foster

2006

FEMS Microbiology Letters

408

108

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“…Experiments were all undertaken with E. coli 1829 (trp, lac) and E. coli 1829 ColV, I-K94 (1829 ColV) which have been used for many studies of acid habituation (Rowbury et al 1992). Organisms were grown overnight in shaken culture at 37°C in Oxoid No.…”

Section: Strains and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The acid tolerance response induced when log-phase organisms of E. coli are shifted from neutral pH to mild acidity, depends on protons crossing the outer membranes and switching on the response by interacting with a component which has a periplasmic sensor (Rowbury et al 1992). The response is inhibited by phosphate and adenosine 3?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of acid tolerance at neutral pH in log‐phase Escherichia coli by medium filtrates from organisms grown at acidic pH

Rowbury

Goodson

1998

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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Escherichia coli grown at pH 5.0 became acid-tolerant (acid-habituated) but, in addition, neutralized medium filtrates from cultures of E. coli grown to log-phase or stationary-phase at pH 5.0 (pH 5.0 filtrates) induced acid tolerance when added to log-phase E. coli growing at pH 7.0. In contrast, filtrates from pH 7.0-grown cultures were ineffective. The pH 5.0 filtrates were inactivated by heating in a boiling water-bath but there was less activity loss at 75 degrees C. Protease also inactivated such filtrates, which suggested that a heat-resistant protein (or proteins) in the filtrates was essential for the induction of acid tolerance. Filtrates from cells grown at pH 5.0 plus phosphate or adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) were much less effective in inducing acid tolerance, while the conversion of pH 7.0-grown log-phase cells to acid tolerance by pH 5.0 filtrates was inhibited by cAMP and bicarbonate. It seems likely that the acid tolerance response (acid habituation) involved the functioning of the extracellular protein(s) as protease reduces tolerance induction if added during acid habituation. Most inducible responses are believed to involve the functioning of only intracellular reactions and components; the present results suggest that this is not the case for acid habituation, as an extracellular protein (or proteins) is needed for induction.

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“…However, this last group has found that the acid habituation phenomenon does not occur at high phosphate concentrations (31), distinguishing it from the ATR and the AR phenomena, which both occur in high-phosphate medium (12). It has been difficult, if not impossible, to determine from the literature if the systems described are truly different or simply reflect different ways of measuring the same system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparative analysis of extreme acid survival in Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, and Escherichia coli

et al. 1995

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Several members of the family Enterobacteriaceae were examined for differences in extreme acid survival strategies. A surprising degree of variety was found between three related genera. The minimum growth pH of Salmonella typhimurium was shown to be significantly lower (pH 4.0) than that of either Escherichia coli (pH 4.4) or Shigella flexneri (pH 4.8), yet E. coli and S. flexneri both survive exposure to lower pH levels (2 to 2.5) than S. typhimurium (pH 3.0) in complex medium. S. typhimurium and E. coli but not S. flexneri expressed low-pHinducible log-phase and stationary-phase acid tolerance response (ATR) systems that function in minimal or complex medium to protect cells to pH 3.0. All of the organisms also expressed a pH-independent general stress resistance system that contributed to acid survival during stationary phase. E. coli and S. flexneri possessed several acid survival systems (termed acid resistance [AR]) that were not demonstrable in S. typhimurium. These additional AR systems protected cells to pH 2.5 and below but required supplementation of minimal medium for either induction or function. One acid-inducible AR system required oxidative growth in complex medium for expression but successfully protected cells to pH 2.5 in unsupplemented minimal medium, while two other AR systems important for fermentatively grown cells required the addition of either glutamate or arginine during pH 2.5 acid challenge. The arginine AR system was only observed in E. coli and required stationary-phase induction in acidified complex medium. The product of the adi locus, arginine decarboxylase, was responsible for arginine-based acid survival.

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The PhoE porin and transmission of the chemical stimulus for induction of acid resistance (acid habituation) in Escherichia coli

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Acid stress responses in enterobacteria

Acid stress responses in enterobacteria

Induction of acid tolerance at neutral pH in log‐phase Escherichia coli by medium filtrates from organisms grown at acidic pH

Comparative analysis of extreme acid survival in Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, and Escherichia coli

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