The Philosophy of Zen

Suzuki, Daisetz Teitaro

doi:10.2307/1396845

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In psychology, a state is distinguished from a trait and is characterised as being temporary and dynamic based on varying internal and external factors (Chaplin et al 1988). Psychologists, neuroscientists and philosophers have utilised different approaches to investigate experiential states, ranging from anxiety (Kendall et al 1976, May 1977, Heller et al 1997 to zen (Suzuki 1951, Berger 1962, Cahn & Polich 2006.…”

Section: Approaches To Studying Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurophenomenology: an integrated approach to exploring awe and wonder¹

Reinerman-Jones

Sollins

Gallagher

et al. 2013

South African Journal of Philosophy

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Astronauts often report experiences of awe and wonder while traveling in space. This paper addresses the question of whether awe and wonder can be scientifically investigated in a simulated space travel scenario using a neurophenomenological method. To answer this question, we created a mixed-reality simulation similar to the environment of the International Space Station. Portals opened to display simulations of Earth or Deep Space. However, the challenge still remained of how to best capture the resulting experience of participants. We could use psychological methods, neuroscientific methods or philosophical methods. Each of these approaches offer many benefits, but each is also limited. Neurophenomenology capitalises on and integrates all three methods. We employed questionnaires from psychology, electroencephalography, electrocardiography, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy from neuroscience, and a phenomenological interview technique from philosophy. This neurophenomenological method enabled extensive insight in experiencers and non-experiencers of awe and wonder (AW) in a simulated space scenario that otherwise would not have been possible. Traditional empirical analyses were completed, followed by individual differences analyses using interview transcriptions paired with physiological responses. Experiencers of AW showed differences in theta and beta activity throughout the brain compared to non-experiencers. Questionnaires indicated that non-experiencers of AW gave more positive responses of religious and spiritual practices than experiencers of AW. Interviews showed that awe and wonder were more likely to occur when watching the simulated Earth view instead of the Deep Space view. Our study is a successful example of neurophenomenology, a powerful and promising interdisciplinary approach for future studies of complex states of experience. BackgroundHouston, we are ready for launch. Ten, nine, eight, seven, six, five, four, three, two, one. Lift-off! Reading this sequence brings to mind a variety of feelings or experiences. However, research

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Section: Approaches To Studying Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Neurophenomenology: an integrated approach to exploring awe and wonder¹

Reinerman-Jones

Sollins

Gallagher

et al. 2013

South African Journal of Philosophy

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“…We may say that Chan Buddhism advocates a different form of presentism , in that it treats only the present mentation as real. D. T. Suzuki compares Chan's philosophy of time to “momentarism,” the view that everything is momentary, but he points out that momentarism “does not know what is meant by the absolute present” (Suzuki, 1951, p. 9). For Chan Buddhists, instantaneous enlightenment is “to be realized in [an absolute present]” (Suzuki, 1951, p. 10).…”

Section: The Philosophy Of Now In Chan Buddhismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…D. T. Suzuki compares Chan's philosophy of time to “momentarism,” the view that everything is momentary, but he points out that momentarism “does not know what is meant by the absolute present” (Suzuki, 1951, p. 9). For Chan Buddhists, instantaneous enlightenment is “to be realized in [an absolute present]” (Suzuki, 1951, p. 10). Once the thought passes, one moves on to the next idea.…”

Section: The Philosophy Of Now In Chan Buddhismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time and Change in Chinese Buddhist Philosophy: From Sengzhao to Chan Buddhism

Liu

2023

Philosophy Compass

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The philosophy of time and change in Chinese Buddhism originated in a short treatise written by an early Chinese monk, Sengzhao (c. 384-414 CE). In this treatise, "On the Immutability of Things (wubuqianlun)," Sengzhao proposed a revolutionary theory of time and change that opposed the traditional Chinese notion of change established by Confucianism and Daoism. His thesis of the immutability of things also seemingly defies a fundamental Buddhist teaching about the impermanence of things. More than a thousand years after Sengzhao, a monk in the Ming dynasty, Kongyin Zhencheng (1546-1617) published the "Logical Investigation of the Thesis of No-Motion of Things (Wubuqian zhengliang lun) to refute Sengzhao's theory of the immutability of things. Because of Sengzhao's esteemed status as one of the early founders of Chinese Buddhism, Zhencheng's critique of Sengzhao caused an uproar among his contemporaries. The ensuing exchange constituted one of the major debates in the history of Chinese Buddhism (Lin 2018; Liu et al., 2020; Fang 1998; Zhu 2012) and was considered a significant event in the "rise of Buddhist scholasticism" (Liu et al., 2020: 7). This entry will carefully analyze Sengzhao's treatise on time and the immutability of things, highlighting the philosophical disagreements between him and Zhencheng. It will also place Sengzhao in his philosophical lineage to examine how he derived insights from Kumarajiva and Nāgārjuna, and how he might have influenced Chan

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“…The Buddha is not a mere word, but is “a reality you can touch every day” (p. 89). The reality that seems to be at issue here can only be experienced through “emersion” or “plunging” into it (see Suzuki, 1951, p. 7). It precedes as well as exceeds mere names.…”

Section: The Priority Of Understanding Over Viewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As Gadamer (1965/2004) wrote, “Every experience worthy of the name thwarts an expectation” (p. 350). Instead, direct experience is “more direct than empirical observation” (Suzuki, 1951, p. 11). As Gadamer (1965/2004) wrote, “[Hermeneutical] experience stands in an ineluctable opposition to knowledge .…”

Section: The Priority Of Understanding Over Viewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linguistically mediated liberation: Freedom and limits of understanding in thich Nhat Hanh and Hans-Georg Gadamer.

Dickman¹

2016

The Humanistic Psychologist

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Young Harris CollegeMany despair at trying to understand something's meaning and express dissatisfaction with language wholesale. What if some things simply are not understandable? Thich Nhat Hanh coined interbeing to name the fundamental principle of interdependence defining Buddhist ontologies, and uses interbeing to dislodge despair resulting from rigid expectations of how things must be. Thich also criticized a standard view of language as generating those rigid expectations. Drawing upon classical humanist traditions, Hans-Georg Gadamer promoted a hermeneutics whereby interpreters overcome existential alienation. In his theory of understanding meaning, Gadamer rehabilitated language as having its being in revealing aspects of truth. By situating Gadamer's hermeneutics within Thich's interbeing, I develop limits of understanding that facilitate freedom from despair about meaning and language. Thich and Gadamer both taught that the quest for stability within change is misguided. This requires rigorous attention to the limits of understanding. Attention to these limits serves to liberate people from clinging to the illusion that all things are understandable and despair accompanying the incapacity to understand some things.

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The Philosophy of Zen

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Neurophenomenology: an integrated approach to exploring awe and wonder¹

Neurophenomenology: an integrated approach to exploring awe and wonder¹

Time and Change in Chinese Buddhist Philosophy: From Sengzhao to Chan Buddhism

Linguistically mediated liberation: Freedom and limits of understanding in thich Nhat Hanh and Hans-Georg Gadamer.

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The Philosophy of Zen

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Neurophenomenology: an integrated approach to exploring awe and wonder1

Neurophenomenology: an integrated approach to exploring awe and wonder1

Time and Change in Chinese Buddhist Philosophy: From Sengzhao to Chan Buddhism

Linguistically mediated liberation: Freedom and limits of understanding in thich Nhat Hanh and Hans-Georg Gadamer.

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Product

Resources

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Neurophenomenology: an integrated approach to exploring awe and wonder¹

Neurophenomenology: an integrated approach to exploring awe and wonder¹