The phenolic acids from Oplopanax elatus Nakai stems and their potential photo-damage prevention activity

Characterization and mechanism of seed dormancy in Symplocos paniculata

“…The exterior morphology of certain seeds may exhibit signs of maturity, accompanied by mature seed traits; however, their interior physiological and biochemical processes necessitate a specific stage of development for completion ( Baskin and Baskin, 2021 ). The temperature must be elevated at the beginning of stratification to stimulate embryo growth and differentiation, while it should be reduced towards the end of stratification to facilitate the physiological and biochemical processes of the seed embryo ( Han et al., 2022 ). The morphological structure of the S. paniculata seed embryo was fully developed prior to seed maturity, exhibiting a complete and intricate embryonic architecture.…”

Table9.XLS

“…It was reviewed to contain various constituents such as volatile oil, phenolic acids, lignans, quinic acid esters, steroids, and aliphatic acids, and the stem of it was reported to exhibit anti-aging effect (Yan et al, 2021). Moreover, our previous study demonstrated that phenolic acids obtained from it had anti-photodamage activity, too (Han et al, 2021). We hypothesize there are other components may exhibit benefits for the skin photodamage.…”

“…The 95% EtOH eluate (70.0 g) obtained previously (Han et al, 2021) was fractionated over silica gel using a gradient elution of CH 2 Cl 2 -MeOH (100:0 → 100:1 → 100:3 → 100:7 → 10:1 → 20:3 → 5:1 → 3:1 → 1:1 → 0:100, v/v) to give Fr. 1-Fr.…”

“…Protein isolation and western blot assay were performed as previously described (Han et al, 2021). Briefly, protein was subjected to SDS-PAGE with 10% or 15% resolving gel, then the proteins on gels were separated, and electrotransferred onto PVDF membranes.…”