The pharmacological treatment of obesity: Past, present and future

Simonyi, Gábor; Pados, Gyula; Medvegy, Mihály; Bedros, J. Róbert

doi:10.1556/oh.2012.29317

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Current antiobesity medications are associated with undesirable side effects which have limited their usage or resulted in their withdrawal from the market . It has been a common understanding among scientific and medical community that prevention is better than treatment, hence physical exercise and diet management are considered as the best strategies for obesity prevention . As a result, there is growing interest in natural remedies and bioactive dietary constituents that can help in the prevention of obesity, as well as other associated life style complications .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cinnamaldehyde supplementation prevents fasting‐induced hyperphagia, lipid accumulation, and inflammation in high‐fat diet‐fed mice

et al. 2016

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Cinnamaldehyde, a bioactive component of cinnamon, is increasingly gaining interest for its preventive and therapeutic effects against metabolic complications like type‐2 diabetes. This study is an attempt to understand the effect of cinnamaldehyde in high‐fat diet (HFD)‐associated increase in fasting‐induced hyperphagia and related hormone levels, adipose tissue lipolysis and inflammation, and selected cecal microbial count in mice. Cinnamaldehyde, at 40 µm dose, prevented lipid accumulation and altered gene expression toward lipolytic phenotype in 3T3‐L1 preadipocyte cell lines. In vivo, cinnamaldehyde coadministration prevented HFD‐induced body weight gain, decreased fasting‐induced hyperphagia, as well as circulating leptin and leptin/ghrelin ratio. In addition to that, cinnamaldehyde altered serum biochemical parameters related to lipolysis, that is, glycerol and free fatty acid levels. At transcriptional level, cinnamaldehyde increased anorectic gene expression in hypothalamus and lipolytic gene expression in visceral white adipose tissue. Furthermore, cinnamaldehyde also decreased serum IL‐1β and inflammatory gene expression in visceral white adipose tissue. However, cinnamaldehyde did not modulate the population of selected gut microbial (Lactobacillus, Bifidibaceria, and Roseburia) count in cecal content. In conclusion, cinnamaldehyde increased adipose tissue lipolysis, decreased fasting‐induced hyperphagia, normalized circulating levels of leptin/ghrelin ratio, and reduced inflammation in HFD‐fed mice, which augurs well for its antiobesity role. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(2):201–211, 2016

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cinnamaldehyde supplementation prevents fasting‐induced hyperphagia, lipid accumulation, and inflammation in high‐fat diet‐fed mice

et al. 2016

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“…Diet and lifestyle changes remain the cornerstones of therapy for obesity, but both require much discipline and are difficult to maintain . For more effective weight loss, individuals have been shown to benefit from anti‐obesity medications .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active ingredients from natural botanicals in the treatment of obesity

2014

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Obesity is considered as a chronic disease that can induce a series of comorbidities and complications. Chinese medicine has long clinical experiences in the treatment of obesity. This review summarizes the natural products from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that are reported to have anti-obesity effects in the past two decades. Botanic TCM comprises 90% of total Chinese crude drugs, and generally contains various active ingredients, in which the effective anti-obesity ingredients identified can be divided into saponins, polysaccharides, alkaloids, polyphenols and others. Astragaloside IV, glycyrrhizin, macrostemonoside A, berberine, betaine, capsaicin, matrine, methyl piperate, piperine, rutaecarpine, asimilobine, epigallocatechingallate, magnolol, resveratrol, soybean-isoflavone, α-linolenic acid, emodin, geniposide, phillyrin, salidroside and ursolic acid are specified in this review, and their sources, models, efficacy are described. It is concluded that the mechanisms of these components for the treatment of obesity include: (i) suppression of appetite, increase of satiety, reduction of energy intake; (ii) reduction in the digestion and absorption of exogenous lipid; (iii) attenuation of the synthesis of endogenous lipid; (iv) promotion of the oxidation and expenditure of lipid and (v) improvement of lipid metabolism disorder. Authors believe that the effective compounds from TCM will provide an alternative and hopeful way for the treatment of obesity.

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“…In the 1990s, another type of antiobesity drug, orlistat, which inhibits lipid absorption in the intestine, was approved in the USA and Europe and is now also available [10]. Thereafter, sibutramine and rimonabant were developed; however, both drugs were withdrawn because of adverse effects [11]. Development of drug combinations, such as qsymia and contrave, has been recently promoted [12], and serotonin (5HT 2 c)-R agonist lorcaserin was accepted by the FDA in 2012 [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%