The Petroleum Prospectivity of the Clarence-Moreton Basin in New South Wales

Abstract

The Clarence-Moreton Basin covers an area of some 28 000 km2 in north-eastern New South Wales and south-eastern Queensland. The basin is relatively unexplored, with a well density in New South Wales of one per 1600 km2. Since 1980, Endeavour Resources and its co-venturers have pursued an active exploration programme which has resulted in the recognition of significant petroleum potential in the New South Wales portion of the basin.Previous studies indicated that the Upper Triassic to Lower Cretaceous Clarence-Moreton Basin sequence in general, lacked suitable reservoirs and had poor source- rock potential. While exinite rich, oil-prone source rocks were recognised in the Middle Jurassic Walloon Coal Measures, they were considered immature for oil generation. Moreover, during the 1960's the basin acquired a reputation as an area where seismic records were of poor quality.These ideas are now challenged following the results of a new round of exploration which commenced in the New South Wales portion of the basin in 1980. This exploration has involved the acquisition of over 1000 km of multifold seismic data, the reprocessing of some 200 km of existing single fold data, and the drilling of one wildcat well. Over twenty large structural leads have been identified, involving trapping mechanisms ranging from simple drape to antithetic and synthetic fault blocks associated with normal and reverse fault dependent and independent closures.The primary exploration targets in the Clarence- Moreton Basin sequence are Lower Jurassic sediments comprising a thick, porous and permeable sandstone unit in the Bundamba Group, and channel and point-bar sands in the Marburg Formation. Source rocks in these and the underlying Triassic coal measures are gas-prone and lie at maturity levels compatible with gas generation. In contrast, it was established from the results of Shannon 1 that the Walloon Coal Measures are mature for oil generation and this maturity regime is now considered to be applicable to most of the basin in New South Wales.A consideration of reservoir and source rock distribution, together with structural trends across the basin in Petroleum Exploration Licences 258 and 259, has led to the identification of three prospective fairways, two of which involve shallow oil plays. Exploration of these fairways is currently the focus of an ongoing programme of further seismic data acquisition and drilling.

Petroleum prospectivity of the Clarence‐Moreton Basin, eastern Australia: A geochemical perspective

“…Vitrinite reflectance profiles for petroleum exploration wells suggest that between 1.5 and 2.5 km of sedimentary strata have been removed from the basin (Ties et al 1985;Russell 1992). The youngest strata preserved in the basin are Late Jurassic to earliest Cretaceous and hence subsidence continued into the Cretaceous.…”

“…Martin and Saxby (1982) assessed the source rock potential of 26 samples. Jackson et al (1983) presented analyses based on systematic sampling of subsidized wells and more recently Ties et al (1985) reported on the source rock potential and maturity of samples from the Shannon-1 well and adjacent areas. The results of these studies may be summarized as follows: (i) The Walloon Coal Measures have significant potential to generate oil whereas the older stratigraphic horizons are gas prone either due to overmaturity or the nature of the organic matter, (ii) Significant maturation variations encountered in the basin cannot be readily accounted for by present geothermal gradients.…”

Recent advances in organic petrology and organic geochemistry: an overview with some reference to ‘oil from coal’

“…Philp & Gilbert (1986) comment that extensive Permian coal measures occur in the Sydney Basin, yet there is little oil production, although analysed oil seeps suggesting a terrigenous origin are known. The Clarence-Moreton Basin lying due east of the Surat Basin, is also viewed as a possible prospect (Ties et al 1985). From preliminary analytical data the Walloon Coal Measures apparently contain Type I and Type II kerogens, whereas the underlying Marbarg Formation (early Jurassic) has Type III kerogens which are gas-prone.…”

A deep seismic profile of 800 km length recorded in southern Queensland, Australia

“…The Clarence Moreton Basin covers an area of about 23,000 km' , and contains up to 3.5 km of Mesozoic sediments (Ties et al 1985). It is bounded by exposed Palaeozoic rocks and exotic terrains of the Yarrol Fold Belt to the north (Yarraman and DAguilar Blocks), the Beenleigh Block to the east and the rocks of the New England Fold Belt (Texas Block) to the…”