The petrographic approach to coal liquefaction

Gagarin, S. G.; Krichko, A. A.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(92)90130-g

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Coal liquefaction berhubungan dengan besarnya konversi, komposisi maseral dan mineral dalam batubara. Sehingga, semakin banyak komposisi vitrinite, inertinite, liptinite, clay, Fe oksida, dan pirit dalam batubara akan meningkatkan rasio hidrogen terhadap carbon (Parkash et al, 1984;Gagarin & Andrey, 1991;Hartiniati et al, 1995;Cebolla et al, 1999). Beberapa variabel penting digunakan untuk proses coal liquefaction melalui metode pirolisis dan assisted microwave meliputi: ukuran partikel coal, jenis katalis, rasio katalis terhadap batubara, suhu reaksi, waktu reaksi, microwave power yang dilaporkan (Artanto et al, 2000;Priyanto et al, 2001;Hirano & Kanda, 2001;Kouzu et al, 2001;Karaca, 2006).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Karakteristik Batubara Peringkat Rendah Formasi Bobong dan Implikasinya Terhadap Coal Liquefaction

Nompo

Sardi

Arif

2020

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This research was conducted on the Bobong Formation coal in the form of geochemical analysis. The Bobong Formation is geologically located in the Banggai Sula Basin, Pulau Taliabu Regency, North Maluku Province. The study focused on low rank coal on the liquefaction process. Sampling locations are carried out in each coal outcrop near the river channel north of Taliabu Island. Sampling is done by the ply by ply method. Sampling is done at several points of observation in the form of a station. Coal sample analysis is carried out in the form of proximate and ultimate. The coal liquefaction experiment through the pyrolysis method with assisted microwave was carried out with raw material in the form of 300 g of 20 mesh coal, 3 g active carbon catalyst, temperature of 600 C, vacuum pressure (-3 mmHg) and 600 watt microwave power. These problems are focused on the influence of low rank coal geochemistry of the Bobong Formation in the Banggai Sula Basin on coal liquefaction and the behavior of coal liquefaction on changes in time variables. The physical and chemical characteristics of coal in coal content are ash (16.36%) adb, inherent humidity (8.19%) adb, volatile substances (22.21)%) adb and fixed carbon (48.60% ) adb, hydrogen (4.55% adb), oxygen (25.94% adb), carbon (65.33% adb), sulfur (2.54% adb) and nitrogen (1.64% adb). The optimal coal liquefaction yield with a reaction time of 60 minutes is 49%. The results of coal liquefaction did not change at the reaction time of 70 minutes and 80 minutes, respectively 49.01% and 49.02%. Coal with more lignite is more easily liquefied than sub-bituminous because coal has a higher hydroxyl group.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Karakteristik Batubara Peringkat Rendah Formasi Bobong dan Implikasinya Terhadap Coal Liquefaction

Nompo

Sardi

Arif

2020

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“…Lower activity of PdS is determined by the change in the mechanism of reagent interaction with the catalyst. In particular, the hydrogen activation on PdS is hindered, since it occurs at the expense of electron density transfer from hydrogen to Pd 2+ cation [8].…”

Section: C4hgoh Oh~ [------]-Oc% Oh'~mentioning

confidence: 99%

Palladium activity in 3-thiolene-1,1-dioxide hydrogenation in the presence of alkalis

Mashkina

Yakovleva

Voskresenskaya

1997

React Kinet Catal Lett

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“…Previously, Gagarin et al [4] obtained the results of a study on the phenomenological kinetics of hydroge nation of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) over an alumina-cobalt-molybdenum catalyst using pseudo first order equations with respect to the hydrocarbons. However, under the conditions of the hydrogenation processing of coal, it does not always happen that coal is completely converted into liquid products.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the effectiveness of donors is deter mined only by the value of ΔН d ; moreover, an opti mum donor of hydrogen should exhibit a minimum value of ΔН d [10]. According to the data of Table 2, ΔН d = 10.2 kJ/mol; hence, it follows that dihydroan thracene and dihydrobenzothiophene are more reac tive donors of hydrogen than the more saturated deriv atives of anthracene and benzothiophene because these products predominate in the equilibrium com position of the hydrogenation products of the model mixture of anthracene and benzothiophene.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Equilibrium kinetic analysis of a model mixture of anthracene and benzothiophene

Байкенов¹,

Tateeva²,

Akhmetkarimova³

et al. 2015

Solid Fuel Chem.

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The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the hydrogenation of an anthracene-ben zothiophene model mixture were calculated. The rate constants of forward and reverse reactions, the equilib rium constant, the activation energies, and the heat effects of hydrogenation reactions were determined by equi librium kinetic analysis for second order reactions in a model mixture of anthracene and benzothiophene in the presence of an iron containing catalyst over a temperature range of 648-698 K at a pressure of 6 MPa.

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The petrographic approach to coal liquefaction

Cited by 13 publications

References 29 publications

Karakteristik Batubara Peringkat Rendah Formasi Bobong dan Implikasinya Terhadap Coal Liquefaction

Karakteristik Batubara Peringkat Rendah Formasi Bobong dan Implikasinya Terhadap Coal Liquefaction

Palladium activity in 3-thiolene-1,1-dioxide hydrogenation in the presence of alkalis

Equilibrium kinetic analysis of a model mixture of anthracene and benzothiophene

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