The Personality Factor in Psychoneurogenous Reactions of the Skin

Stokes, John H.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1940.01490170028002

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Clinicians have long speculated the presence of an association between psychological factors and CSU ; however, reports elucidating this relationship are both scantily available and methodologically weak. Tables and list 30 such studies – 15 employing a case–control design and 15 using cross‐sectional methods – and provide a brief description of their gist.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several of the aforementioned studies report on the involvement of socio‐cognitive factors in the exacerbation of urticaria. Historically, early studies reported that psychological factors were important in urticaria cases . Later, a study examining 40 individuals who experienced bouts of urticaria for at least three months found that the majority of patients suffered from psychopathology – largely anxiety and depression – and responded favourably to psychotherapy .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Psychosocial factors and chronic spontaneous urticaria: a systematic review

Ben‐Shoshan

Blinderman

Raz

2012

Allergy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is one of the most costly allergic conditions challenging physicians as well as patients and their families. Despite evident lacunae in the understanding of the pathogenesis, at least some findings suggest that psychosocial factors likely contribute to the development and exacerbation of CSU. We aim to assess the contribution of psychological factors to CSU. Methods: Systematic search of PubMed and OVID/Medline databases was conducted from 1 January 1935 to 1 January 2012. Studies selected include original research in English, Spanish and French exploring the association between CSU and psychosocial factors. Two investigators independently reviewed all titles and abstracts to identify potentially relevant articles and resolved discrepancies by repeated review and discussion and arbitration of a third reviewer. Quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses was assessed using a measure based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and psychological conditions of CSU patients. Results: We identified 114 eligible studies spanning 77 years and featuring 17 reviews, 67 studies related to neither CSU nor psychosocial factors, and eight studies that provided either no prevalence estimates or insufficient sample size. Pooling effect sizes using random effects, analyses revealed that, despite large heterogeneity (I 2 of 97.60%), psychosocial factors had a prevalence of 46.09% (95%

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial factors and chronic spontaneous urticaria: a systematic review

Ben‐Shoshan

Blinderman

Raz

2012

Allergy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Stokes6 asserted the multifactorial nature of urticaria, stating that psychological factors must be conceived of as ‘acting in a complex of hereditary, physiologic, bacteriologic, immunologic, and other pathogenic and protective-reactive agencies’. Most modern allergists would agree that chronic urticaria is often triggered by multiple factors,19–21 including food chemicals, aspirin and non-steroidal inflammatory drugs, febrile illnesses, and autoimmune factors, often acting in unison.…”

Section: Urticaria a Multifactorial Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1940, Stokes claimed psychological factors were important in 79% of urticaria 6. Graham et al 7 observed in 30 closely studied individuals with urtication that there were strong correlations between feelings/attitudes, vascular skin responses, and urticaria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reappraisal of the role of ‘mindbody’ factors in chronic urticaria

Broom¹

2010

Postgraduate Medical Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a very common skin condition that causes considerable suffering and is often poorly responsive to drug treatment regimens. Most clinicians accept that multiple factors play a role in the aetiology of CSU, but there is a widespread reluctance to accept a significant role for 'mindbody' factors, despite a large number of clinical reports and studies over many decades suggesting their relevance. This reluctance has multiple origins. A primary influence is the flawed dualistic model of mind and body relatedness underpinning much of modern medical care. In this view, if a pathophysiological mechanism can be discerned, then 'mind' factors can be largely ignored. Recent evidence demonstrating intimate structural and functional relations between peripheral nerves and mast cells, and local skin secretion of mast cell-influencing neuropeptides by nerves, provides an argument for discarding old 'organic' and dualistic conceptualisations of CSU. A sound, integrative, multifactorial approach requires a unitive 'mindbody' model in which physical and subjective dimensions of personhood are seen as coexisting and equally deserving of exploration and management. Another influence is the tendency for 'psychosomatic' research studies in CSU to focus on patient experience using broad group-based diagnostic categories, such as anxiety and depressive disorders, and generic measures of stress. Two case examples are given, illustrating that CSU arises in relation to highly individual and relevant 'stories', which would not usually be picked up by these generic measures. It is suggested that an appropriate 'mindbody' management programme leading to good clinical outcomes for CSU is dependent on clinicians discerning unique patient 'stories'. Finally, a lack of formal studies comparing drug and 'mindbody' treatment outcomes will continue to negatively influence the adoption of 'mindbody' approaches in CSU. There is an urgent need for properly structured comparative studies, and the essential elements of a suitable 'mindbody' approach appropriate to such research are briefly outlined.

show abstract

“…Adults with atopic dermatitis seem to be more sensitive to emotional stress than normal controls. They may have a fairly high level of intelligence [Panconesi and Hautmann, 1996;Stokes, 1940], although this hypothesis has not been proven by statistical studies but only by clinical observations. They tend to be irritable, insecure, introvert and aggressive, presenting the following characteristics: feelings of rage, experiences of inferiority and inadequacy, repressed hostility towards parent figures, extreme affective sensitivity and emotional instability.…”

Section: Personalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosomatic Conditions in Atopic Dermatitis

Lerda¹,

Angelini²

2004

Dermatol Psychosom

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Of all diseases, atopic eczema is one of the most studied from a psychosomatic point of view. Psychological variables and stressful life events can trigger, precipitate or worsen cutaneous symptoms; emotional implications, and sometimes even anxious-depressive syndromes, can occur secondary to atopic dermatitis. Each of these aspects must be considered for a better understanding of dermatologic disorders and for a more effective therapy. For this reason, scientific contributions to this matter will be taken into consideration in this article. Our aim was to review the most important studies on psychobiological aspects, psychological factors and quality of life in patients with atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, we will summarize the knowledge about psychopharmacologic treatment and psychotherapy regarding this skin disease.

show abstract

The Personality Factor in Psychoneurogenous Reactions of the Skin

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Psychosocial factors and chronic spontaneous urticaria: a systematic review

Psychosocial factors and chronic spontaneous urticaria: a systematic review

A reappraisal of the role of ‘mindbody’ factors in chronic urticaria

Psychosomatic Conditions in Atopic Dermatitis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About