Despite the growing importance of management practices, few studies have empirically examined the influence of technology management on product innovation, especially in the presence of technological capability. This paper explores how technology management relates to product innovation through the contingency role of technological capability. The results of correspondence analysis to test the proposed hypotheses showed that the technology management practices that are closely associated with product innovation performance are not identical in different technological capability stages. In the low technological capability stage, information management, equipment management and fund management have greater correlations with product innovation performance; in the medium technological capability stage, human resource management, organization management, quality management and standardized management have greater correlations with product innovation performance; in the high technological capability stage, cultural management, achievement management, and risk management have greater correlations with product innovation performance. The research results theoretically deepen the understanding of how technology management exerts its impact and provide theoretical guidance for the improvement of product innovation performance for firms in different technological capability stages.