The Peroxisome-Mitochondria Connection: How and Why?

Abstract

Over the past decades, peroxisomes have emerged as key regulators in overall cellular lipid and reactive oxygen species metabolism. In mammals, these organelles have also been recognized as important hubs in redox-, lipid-, inflammatory-, and innate immune-signaling networks. To exert these activities, peroxisomes must interact both functionally and physically with other cell organelles. This review provides a comprehensive look of what is currently known about the interconnectivity between peroxisomes and mitochondria within mammalian cells. We first outline how peroxisomal and mitochondrial abundance are controlled by common sets of cis- and trans-acting factors. Next, we discuss how peroxisomes and mitochondria may communicate with each other at the molecular level. In addition, we reflect on how these organelles cooperate in various metabolic and signaling pathways. Finally, we address why peroxisomes and mitochondria have to maintain a healthy relationship and why defects in one organelle may cause dysfunction in the other. Gaining a better insight into these issues is pivotal to understanding how these organelles function in their environment, both in health and disease.

Toxicological Risk Assessment of Emerging Nanomaterials: Cytotoxicity, Cellular Uptake, Effects on Biogenesis and Cell Organelle Activity, Acute Toxicity and Biodistribution of Oxide Nanoparticles

“…Peroxisomal dysfunctions are associated with important brain diseases [54]. To exert its activities, the peroxisome must interact both functionally and physically with other cell organelles, mainly mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum [59,60]. It seems therefore important to precise the effects of nanoparticles on peroxisome.…”

Peroxisomes control mitochondrial dynamics and the mitochondrion-dependent pathway of apoptosis

“…Several studies have also shown that peroxisomes are located adjacent to MAMs, which are described as mitochondrial constriction sites (Cohen et al, 2014; Friedman et al, 2011; Horner et al, 2011; Mattiazzi Usaj et al, 2015). Given that peroxisomes also make physical contact with mitochondria (Fransen et al, 2017), these observations raise the possibility that peroxisomes compete with ER for mitochondrial contact sites. Whether peroxisomes actually regulate MAM formation warrants future study.…”

Distinct Contributions of the Peroxisome-Mitochondria Fission Machinery During Sexual Development of the Fungus Podospora anserina

“…Moreover, dynamic interactions and crosstalk between organelles play important roles in the orchestration of their activity during development. Peroxisomes and mitochondria are ubiquitous organelles whose activity in the cell is intimately associated (for review, Fransen et al, 2017). These organelles have long been known for their cooperative function in cell metabolism-including the fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway and the glyoxylate cycle (Kunze et al, 2006;Wanders et al, 2015), and both have a prominent role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and redox regulation (Lismont et al, 2015).…”

“…Moreover, both organelles can act as signaling platforms that integrate complex signaling pathways (Dixit et al, 2010;Horner et al, 2011). In addition, the processes that regulate peroxisome and mitochondria formation and dynamics-including the transcriptional regulation of their biogenesis (Bagattin et al, 2010), their division (Schrader et al, 2016;Kraus and Ryan, 2017) and their removal from cells (Mao et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2015;Qi et al, 2016;Lee et al, 2017;Cho et al, 2018;Marcassa et al, 2018)-are interrelated and share key components (for review, Mohanty and McBride, 2013;Fransen et al, 2017). Furthermore, mitochondria contribute to peroxisome biogenesis by providing vesicles that produce peroxisome precursors upon fusion with endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-derived vesicles (Sugiura et al, 2017).…”

“…As highlighted by human degenerative disorders involving shared peroxisome and mitochondrial dysfunction (Schrader et al, 2015;Fransen et al, 2017), the crosstalk between these organelles can importantly impact developmental processes. However, there is still much to know about the peroxisomemitochondria interplay during development.…”