The permeability to carbon of the sinusoidal lining cells of the embryonic rat liver and rat bone marrow

Abstract

This study is concerned with the passage of carbon particles through the sinusoidal lining cells of bone marrow and embryonic liver of the rat. A carbon suspension (Pelikan C11/1431A, Gunther Wagner, Hanover) diluted 1 : 1 with double strength Tyrode solution, was administered through the aorta for the bone marrow studies and through the umbilical vein for observations on the embryonic liver. The carbon particles have a diameter ranging from 220 to 380 A with a mean diameter of 280 A. Within three minutes after the injection, the particulate was present in the extravascular spaces. Neither the sinusoidal walls of the bone marrow nor of the embryonic rat liver prior to 16 days gestation have preformed apertures. In both cases, the carbon particles enter the extravascular space through fenestrae with diaphragms. No carbon particles occur in the junctional spaces between the lining cells. The temporary pores caused by diapedetic blood cells maintain a tight seal and no particulate was observed leaving the vascular space at these sites. At 17 days of gestation, open gaps develop in the endothelial lining of the embryonic rat liver and particulate material leaves the vascular lumen through these openings. The presence of bristle-coated vesicles containing particulate material at the abluminal side of the lining cells is interpreted as a retrograde uptake by these phagocytic cells rather than as evidence for vesicular transmural transport.

Neovascularization of Embryonic Rat Hearts Cultured in oculo Closely Mimics in utero Coronary Vessel Development

“…The possibility exists that some vessels were collapsed at the time o f perfusion, and thus did not fill. However, our observations at later developmental stages o f tracers present in vessels with thick endothelium and narrow lumens suggests that the size o f the ink particles (22-38 nm) or FITC-dextran (17 nm) is sufficiently small to perfuse even immature vessels, and presumably the ma jority o f linked vessels [28]. Collectively, the results from the cross-species grafting experiments at day 10 in oculo also support the idea o f dual vessel origin in this model.…”

Assessing permeability alterations of the blood–bone marrow barrier due to total body irradiation: in vivo quantification with contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

“…3 This so called blood-bone marrow barrier (BMB) is an anatomical barrier that exerts functional control over the magnitude of cell traffic between the extravascular and intravascular marrow compartment. [3][4][5] If the infused stem cells are able to traverse the BMB and enter the hematopoietic compartment, successful engraftment can be achieved. 2 Due to pretransplant irradiation, histological alterations of the BMB ultrastructure were found and assumed to be essential for disruption of the endothelial barrier and to permit large-scale entry of transplanted cells into the hemopoietic compartment.…”

Uptake of carbon and polystyrene particles by the sinusoidal endothelium of rabbit bone marrow and liver and rat bone marrow, with special reference to multiparticle-pinocytosis.

“…The sequestration of tracer particulates by plasmalemmal bristle-coated vesicles in the cytoplasm of the sinusoidal endothelial cells has also been well documented YoFFEY, 1963, 1968;COTRAN, 1965;FLOREY, 1967;HUANG, 1971;LUK and SIMON, 1974;BANKSTON and DE BRUYN, 1974;DE BRUYN et al, 1975;DE BRUYN, 1981). However, the above tracer materials are very small in diameter compared to the bristle-coated vesicles, and it is unclear whether the phagocytic lining cells of the sinusoids are capable of taking up particles having a size equal to, or larger than, the diameter of the bristle-coated vesicle.…”

“…The uptake of small particles such as carbon, ferritin and Thorotrast by bristlecoated vesicles from the circulation in the sinusoidal endothelium is well established (FLOREY, 1967;HUDSON and YOFFEY, 1968;BANKSTON and DE BRUYN, 1974;DE BRUYN et al,1975;DE BRUYN, 1981). In this study also, the sinusoidal endothelial cells of rabbit liver and rat bone marrow were found to take up circulating carbon through bristlecoated vesicles formed at the luminal surface.…”