The perils of social development without economic growth: The development debacle of Kerala, India

Tharamangalam, Joseph

doi:10.1080/14672715.1998.10411031

Cited by 46 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…While Kerala was hailed as a model state in India for achieving higher levels of social indicators such as high literacy levels, low birth rate and low death rate, it was also noticed that the state lagged behind in economic development and industrial growth when compared to many other Indian states. The fact that high social development and steady inflow of remittances did not translate into capital accumulation and subsequent industrial development was identified as a paradox in the literature on Kerala's economic and social development (Kannan 1990;Tharamangalam 1998;Parayil 2000). One of the reasons pointed out for this apparent anomaly was that the remittances boosted both consumption and wage levels, while it failed to trigger investment in industrial growth.…”

Section: Migration Flows Between Kerala and The Gccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“One More Dirham”: Migration, Emotional Politics and Religion in the Home Films of Kerala

Menon

Sreekumar²

2016

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<p>This article explores the Islamic home-film movement in Kerala, India, a video film movement by amateur filmmakers of the Muslim Community. These films circulate in VCD and DVD format in retail outlets in both Kerala and the Gulf Council Countries (GCC). These films are important for their supporting group, Jamaat-e-islami, one of the most powerful Islamist groups in the South Asian countries of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, as they try to gain hegemony among Kerala’s Sunni Muslims through an alternative Islamic public culture. Home-films now circulate beyond their original audience of Muslim women in Kerala, among Keralite migrants in the Arab Gulf, who organize public screenings in social gatherings and labour camps. Indeed, the large-scale migration of labor to the GCC has led to a re-imagination of the moral geography of Kerala Muslim households to account for changing gender norms and family structures. The films, concerned with social reform among the Muslim Community of Kerala, also refract the experience of migration to the GCC, particularly in narrating an emotional landscape characterized by precarious conditions of labour, racialised hierarchy and the kafala (the specific employment system in many GCCs, that is a combination of a contract and patronage) through specific tropes of precarity and philosophy of risk in these films.</p>

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Section: Migration Flows Between Kerala and The Gccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“One More Dirham”: Migration, Emotional Politics and Religion in the Home Films of Kerala

Menon

Sreekumar²

2016

mmd

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“…One implication is that we should understand Kerala better: what, for example, separates it from Bihar and Rajasthan? One curiosity, given the Bankb overall emphasis on growth, is that Kerala does so well given that its economic growth rate has been quite anaemic (Kannan and Pushpangadan 1988;Tharamangalam 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…221ff et passim;Parayil 1996;Heller 1994, chapter 1;Mencher 1980;Herring 1980;Tharamangalam 1998;Jeffrey 1993. The 'model' has become so ubiquitous that Vice-President Al Gore of the United States called Kerala a 'stunning success story '. About 80% of India's poverty is rural (World Bank 1997: xiii).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Poverty and Path Dependency: Agrarian Reform: Lessons from the United States and India

Herring¹

1999

IDS Bulletin

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Summaries The historical experience of the United States, where aggregate wealth multiplied in abundance but persistent poverty is glaring, offers concrete illustration that growth is not a sufficient condition for poverty alleviation in the transition from agrarian society. In contrast, the State of Kerala in South India abolished an agrarian system based on agrestic serfdom and slavery in a compressed time period and has been notably successful in reducing the incidence of poverty despite income and growth rates well below the Indian mean. Though sometimes romanticised, the ‘Kerala model’ offers both positive and negative lessons from its thorough agrarian reform. Though less prominent in public discourse after the end of the Cold War, agrarian reform still offers significant poverty reduction advantages in comparison with alternatives.

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“…Many researchers have attributed the high unemployment rate in Kerala to the strength of militant labor movements (George, 1998;Kannan, 1990;Oommen, 1993;Prakash, 1994;Tharamangalam, 1998 The credit-deposit ratio (defined as aggregate credit to aggregate deposit) is a broad measure of deployment of credit compared to the resources (deposits) of the formal banking system. This ratio gives the proportion of loan-assets created by commercial banks from the received deposits.…”

Section: Shortcomings Of the Kerala Model Of Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sustainability of this model has been questioned by a number of researchers (Kannan, 1990;George, 1993;Tharamangalam, 1998) and by certain disturbing trends. Several factors have contributed to fueling much political and social tension in the state:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfinance and micro-enterprises: A study of the Kudumbashree Program in Kerala, India.

Gervais¹

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The perils of social development without economic growth: The development debacle of Kerala, India

Cited by 46 publications

References 4 publications

“One More Dirham”: Migration, Emotional Politics and Religion in the Home Films of Kerala

“One More Dirham”: Migration, Emotional Politics and Religion in the Home Films of Kerala

Persistent Poverty and Path Dependency: Agrarian Reform: Lessons from the United States and India

Microfinance and micro-enterprises: A study of the Kudumbashree Program in Kerala, India.

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