“…The persistence case, forwarded by Hendricks, Patel and Zeckhauser (1993), Goetzmann and Ibbotson (1994), Brown and Goetzmann (1995), Kahn and Rudd (1995), Bal and Leger (1996), Blake (1996b), Gruber (1996) 4 , Stewart (1998), andCarpenter andLynch (1999) report that past returns and relative rankings are useful in predicting returns and rankings in the short run (1 to 3 years). Grinblatt and Titman (1992) provide longer-term evidence of persistence (10 years), indicating that there is positive persistence in mutual fund performance.…”