The Performance of Fertility Awareness-based Method Apps Marketed to Avoid Pregnancy

Duane, Marguerite; Contreras, Alison; Jensen, Elizabeth T.; White, Amina

doi:10.3122/jabfm.2016.04.160022

Cited by 89 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…37 Currently, mobile phone applications are proliferating that purport to help women identify ovulation; however, few of them use these reliable biomarkers (most are based on calendar calculations only, and most are inaccurate). 38,39…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with other biomarkers used to determine ovulation, cervical mucus, with or without basal body temperature, is a reliable and minimal cost approach for determining ovulation . Currently, mobile phone applications are proliferating that purport to help women identify ovulation; however, few of them use these reliable biomarkers (most are based on calendar calculations only, and most are inaccurate) …”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of woman‐picked, expert‐picked, and computer‐picked Peak Day of cervical mucus with blinded urine luteinising hormone surge for concurrent identification of ovulation

Stanford

Schliep

Chang

et al. 2020

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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Background Previous research has demonstrated that women instructed in fertility awareness methods can identify the Peak Day of cervical mucus discharge for each menstrual cycle, and the Peak Day has high agreement with other indicators of the day of ovulation. However, previous studies enrolled experienced users of fertility awareness methods or were not fully blinded. Objective To assess the agreement between cervical mucus Peak Day identified by fertile women without prior experience on assessing cervical mucus discharge with the estimated day of ovulation (1 day after urine luteinising hormone surge). Methods This study is a secondary analysis of data from a randomised trial of the Creighton Model FertilityCareTM System (CrM), conducted 2003‐2006, for women trying to conceive. Women who had no prior experience tracking cervical mucus recorded vulvar observations daily using a standardised assessment of mucus characteristics for up to seven menstrual cycles. Four approaches were used to identify the Peak Day. The referent day was defined as one day after the first identified day of luteinising hormone (LH) surge in the urine, assessed blindly. The percentage of agreement between the Peak Day and the referent day of ovulation was calculated. Results Fifty‐seven women with 187 complete cycles were included. A Peak Day was identified in 117 (63%) cycles by women, 185 (99%) cycles by experts, and 187 (100%) by computer algorithm. The woman‐picked Peak Day was the same as the referent day in 25% of 117 cycles, within ±1 day in 58% of cycles, ±2 days in 84%, ±3 days in 87%, and ±4 days in 92%. The ±1 day and ± 4 days' agreement was 50% and 90% for the expert‐picked and 47% and 87% for the computer‐picked Peak Day, respectively. Conclusions Women's daily tracking of cervical mucus is a low‐cost alternative for identifying the estimated day of ovulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of woman‐picked, expert‐picked, and computer‐picked Peak Day of cervical mucus with blinded urine luteinising hormone surge for concurrent identification of ovulation

Stanford

Schliep

Chang

et al. 2020

Paediatric Perinatal Epid

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“…Devices and apps are available to assist women in monitoring the menstrual cycle (Duane et al 2016). Several popular apps are based on the rhythm method and predict ovulation, the fertile window, and the next menstruation.…”

Section: Ovulation Monitoring Devices and Appsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovulation, A Sign of Health

Vigil

Lyon²,

Flores³

et al. 2017

Linacre Q

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The concept of the ovarian continuum can be understood as a process that occurs during a woman's lifetime and begins during intrauterine life with fertilization. Women start their reproductive years with approximately five hundred thousand follicles containing oocytes, of which only around five hundred will be released during ovulation. Ovulation has been recognized as an event linked with reproduction; however, recent evidence supports the role of ovulation as a sign of health. The use of biomarkers that help women recognize ovulation enables them to identify their health status. This knowledge helps medical healthcare providers in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of different pathologies related with endocrine disorders, gynecological abnormalities, autoimmune, genetic, and neoplastic diseases, as well as pregnancy-related issues. The knowledge of the ovarian continuum and the use of biomarkers to recognize ovulation should be considered a powerful tool for women and medical professionals. Summary:The ovarian continuum is a process that occurs during a woman's lifetime. It begins during intrauterine life with fertilization and ends with menopause. This process can be greatly affected by different conditions such as changes in hormonal levels and illnesses. Therefore, understanding and promoting the knowledge and use of biomarkers of ovulation in women is a key aspect to consider when evaluating their health status. The knowledge and education about the ovarian continuum should be taken into account as a powerful tool for women and medical professionals.

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“…A literature search found fewer than a dozen publications on FAB contraceptive apps. In a 2016 paper, of 55 FAB apps that claimed to be appropriate for pregnancy prevention, only six could correctly identify the fertile window 3. A retrospective study concluding that the Daysy view app improves the typical use pregnancy index of the already established Daysy fertility monitor,4 has been described as "fatally flawed",5 and called to be withdrawn.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%