The performance and design of packed column aeration systems for aquaculture

Hackney, Gary E.; Colt, John

doi:10.1016/0144-8609(82)90036-x

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In the literature, packed columns are referred to as columns with randomly packed media with high surface area (>150 m 2 /m 3 ), while cascade columns have structured or random obstruction or media with lower surface area (<110 m 2 /m 3 ) offering a higher air-to-water ratio [61,[63][64][65][66]. In this paper, all packed columns are considered as cascade aerator, but not all cascade aerator are considered packed columns.…”

Section: Water Through Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCAs can be used for both oxygen transfer and nitrogen removal [63]. Airflow though the column needs to be sufficient and can be maintained or controlled with fans or blowers; counter current flow is preferred [63]. The column and packing diameter needs to have the appropriate size for preventing poor distribution of the water, which would decrease the performance of the PCA [63].…”

Section: Water Through Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water is distributed from the top (which has a perforated plate or spray nuzzle) and trickles down through the media, exiting at the bottom. PCAs can be used for both oxygen transfer and nitrogen removal [63]. Airflow though the column needs to be sufficient and can be maintained or controlled with fans or blowers; counter current flow is preferred [63].…”

Section: Water Through Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various models have been developed to estimate the CO 2 stripping efficiency [50] and oxygen transfer [63] for packed columns. In cascade aerators, water is distributed at the top and cascades down through obstructions that break up the water flow and create large void spaces; this increases the water-to-air contact surface and time.…”

Section: Water Through Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Taxonomy of Means and Ends in Aquaculture Production—Part 2: The Technical Solutions of Controlling Solids, Dissolved Gasses and pH

Vilbergsson

Oddsson

Unnþórsson

2016

Water

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Abstract:In engineering design, knowing the relationship between the means (technique) and the end (desired function or outcome) is essential. The means in Aquaculture are technical solutions like airlifts that are used to achive desired functionality (an end) like controlling dissolved gasses. In previous work, the authors identified possible functions by viewing aquaculture production systems as transformation processes in which inputs are transformed by treatment techniques (means) and produce outputs (ends). The current work creates an overview of technical solutions of treatment functions for both design and research purposes. A comprehensive literature review of all areas of technical solutions is identified and categorized into a visual taxonomy of the treatment functions for controlling solids, controlling dissolved gasses and controlling pH alkalinity and hardness. This article is the second in a sequence of four and partly presents the treatments functions in the taxonomy. The other articles in this series present complementary aspects of this research: Part 1, A transformational view on aquaculture and functions divided into input, treatment and output functions; Part 2, The current taxonomy paper; Part 3, The second part of the taxonomy; and Part 4, Mapping of the means (techniques) for multiple treatment functions.

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Section: Water Through Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Through Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Through Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Through Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Taxonomy of Means and Ends in Aquaculture Production—Part 2: The Technical Solutions of Controlling Solids, Dissolved Gasses and pH

Vilbergsson

Oddsson

Unnþórsson

2016

Water

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“…In solution where water comes in contact with air, some gas exchange will take place. A packed column aerators can be used for both oxygen transfer and nitrogen removal [26]. Modifications of the spray tower have been tested to provide concurrent CO 2 stripping [27].…”

Section: Controlling Do and Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy of Means and Ends in Aquaculture Production—Part 4: The Mapping of Technical Solutions onto Multiple Treatment Functions

Vilbergsson¹,

Oddsson²,

Unnþórsson³

2016

Water

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Designing aquaculture production units will require decisions on which treatment to include, e.g., the intensification of the system, and then a decision on a technical solution for each treatment function selected to implement. To complicate matters, each technical solution is not unique to each treatment function, but has a multiple effect on the system. This interaction of a technical solution to multiple treatment functions will play a part in the decision making process. Previous work by the authors has made a taxonomy of all technical solutions for the treatment function, and in this article, how technical solutions affect treatment functions is mapped. The article views the aquaculture production system as a transformation process with three sets of functions, input, treatment and output. Based on a comprehensive literature review where all technical solutions were found and categorized into a taxonomy, their effect on treatment function was mapped using a quality function deployment (QFD). The result is a matrix that gives an evaluation on the interaction. This work is a step towards an aquaculture engineering design methodology.

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Design of a Vacuum Degassing Apparatus to Reduce Nitrogen Supersaturation and Maintain Hypoxia in Well Water

2022

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Water derived from an underground well or spring is commonly supersaturated with nitrogen and low in dissolved oxygen. These conditions are generally harmful to fishes, and water must be treated to reduce total dissolved gases and adjust dissolved oxygen concentrations to desired levels. Typically, corrective methods remove nitrogen while increasing the oxygen concentration, but this is not desirable for situations where hypoxic conditions are needed for experimental purposes. In this project, a vacuum degasser was designed to remove excess nitrogen from well water while keeping dissolved oxygen concentration low (i.e., ≤2.0 mg/L). Additionally, in a parallel system, a normoxic water treatment system was designed to remove excess nitrogen while simultaneously increasing the oxygen concentration to create normoxic conditions. These systems provide solutions to overcoming gas supersaturation in well water and produce the desired dissolved oxygen concentration, without requiring the use of consumable gas cylinders.

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The performance and design of packed column aeration systems for aquaculture

Cited by 30 publications

References 5 publications

Taxonomy of Means and Ends in Aquaculture Production—Part 2: The Technical Solutions of Controlling Solids, Dissolved Gasses and pH

Taxonomy of Means and Ends in Aquaculture Production—Part 2: The Technical Solutions of Controlling Solids, Dissolved Gasses and pH

Taxonomy of Means and Ends in Aquaculture Production—Part 4: The Mapping of Technical Solutions onto Multiple Treatment Functions

Design of a Vacuum Degassing Apparatus to Reduce Nitrogen Supersaturation and Maintain Hypoxia in Well Water

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