The Perception of Visual Ambiguous Figures in Schizophrenia and Parkinson??s Disease

Calvert, Jane; Jp, Harris; Ot, Phillipson; Ie, Babiker; Mf, Ford; Dl, Antebi

doi:10.1097/00004850-198804000-00004

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…These results are consistent with Hunt & Guilford's (1933) data on Necker cube rivalry where subjects with schizophrenia ('dementia praecox') were not significantly different from those of controls. Hoffman et al (2001) showed the same result with the Necker cube, as did Keil et al (1998) and Calvert et al (1988) with the Schro¨der's staircase (a reversible figure similar to the Necker cube). Keil et al (1998) went on to show that when perceptual rivalry was elicited with the Rubin's face/vase reversible figure, the schizophrenia group actually had significantly faster rates of rivalry than the control group, while Calvert et al (1988) showed a trend towards faster Schro¨der's staircase rivalry in subjects with schizophrenia compared with controls.…”

Section: Rivalry Rates In Other Psychiatric Disorderssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Keil et al (1998) went on to show that when perceptual rivalry was elicited with the Rubin's face/vase reversible figure, the schizophrenia group actually had significantly faster rates of rivalry than the control group, while Calvert et al (1988) showed a trend towards faster Schro¨der's staircase rivalry in subjects with schizophrenia compared with controls. Both Calvert et al (1988) and Keil et al (1988) reported that subjects with schizophrenia spent significantly less time viewing the stairs from above.…”

Section: Rivalry Rates In Other Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Slow binocular rivalry in bipolar disorder

et al. 2003

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Section: Rivalry Rates In Other Psychiatric Disorderssupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Rivalry Rates In Other Psychiatric Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow binocular rivalry in bipolar disorder

et al. 2003

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“…Research on the dynamics of bistable perception has clear clinical relevance. Over the past several decades, many studies have consistently shown that subjects with pathological conditions have abnormal patterns of bistable perception compared with healthy subjects (Calvert et al, 1988; Pettigrew and Miller, 1998; Li et al, 2000; Miller et al, 2003; Krug et al, 2008; Nagamine et al, 2009; Robertson et al, 2013; Said et al, 2013; Freyberg et al, 2015; Xiao et al, 2018). One notable example is the slower rate of binocular rivalry alternations observed in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) (Pettigrew and Miller, 1998; Miller et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slower and Less Variable Binocular Rivalry Rates in Patients With Bipolar Disorder, OCD, Major Depression, and Schizophrenia

Zhu

Zhou³

et al. 2019

Front. Neurosci.

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When two different images are presented to the two eyes dichoptically, observers usually experience a perceptual alternation between the two images. This phenomenon, known as binocular rivalry, has been used as a powerful tool to investigate mechanisms of visual awareness. It was also found that the rates of perceptual alternation are slower in patients with bipolar disorder than in healthy controls ( Pettigrew and Miller, 1998 ; Miller et al., 2003 ). To investigate the broader clinical relevance of binocular rivalry in psychiatric disorders, we measured the perceptual alternation rates during rivalry in healthy controls ( n = 39) and in patients with different types of psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder type I (BD, n = 28), obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD, n = 22), major depression (MD, n = 50), schizophrenia (SCZ, n = 44), and first-degree relatives (FDRs) of SCZ patients ( n = 32). Participants viewed competing red–green images on a computer monitor through red–green anaglyph glasses and pressed buttons to record their perceptual alternations. The distributions of the rivalry rates were well described by a lognormal function in all groups. Critically, the median rate of perceptual alternation was 0.27 Hz for BD patients, 0.26 Hz for the OCD patients, 0.25 Hz for the MD patients, and 0.23 Hz and 0.27 Hz for the SCZ patients and their FDRs, respectively. All of which were significantly slower than the rate of 0.41 Hz obtained for the healthy controls, suggesting there may be shared genotypes between these different disorders. While rivalry alternations were generally slower in different types of psychiatric disorders compared to healthy controls, adding variance of rivalry rates in the analysis helped to partially separate among the different patient groups. Our results suggest that the slowing of binocular rivalry is likely due to certain common factors among the patient groups, but more subtle differences between different patient groups could be revealed when additional properties of rivalry dynamics are considered.

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“…The topic of multistable perception has fascinated researchers from different disciplines for decades and is discussed in a variety of contexts, like decision making (e.g. [14–16]), creativity [17,18], quantum cognition [19–22], time perception and temporal integration mechanisms [23–25], as well as normal [16,26,27] and altered states of consciousness [28,29], and psychiatry [30–32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What happens in the brain of meditators when perception changes but not the stimulus?

et al. 2019

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During the observation of an ambiguous figure our perception alternates between mutually exclusive interpretations, although the stimulus itself remains unchanged. The rate of these endogenous reversals has been discussed as reflecting basic aspects of endogenous brain dynamics. Recent evidence indicates that extensive meditation practice evokes long-term functional and anatomic changes in the brain, also affecting the endogenous brain dynamics. As one of several consequences the rate of perceptual reversals during ambiguous figure perception decreases. In the present study we compared EEG-correlates of endogenous reversals of ambiguous figures between meditators and non-meditating controls in order to better understand timing and brain locations of this altered endogenous brain dynamics. A well-established EEG paradigm was used to measure the neural processes underlying endogenous perceptual reversals of ambiguous figures with high temporal precision. We compared reversal-related ERPs between experienced meditators and non-meditating controls. For both groups we found highly similar chains of reversal-related ERPs, starting early in visual areas, therewith replicating previous findings from the literature. Meditators, however, showed an additional frontal ERP signature already 160 ms after stimulus onset (Frontal Negativity). We interpret the additional, meditation-specific ERP results as evidence that extensive meditation practice provides control of frontal brain areas over early sensory processing steps. This may allow meditators to overcome phylogenetically evolved perceptual and attentional processing automatisms.

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The Perception of Visual Ambiguous Figures in Schizophrenia and Parkinson??s Disease

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Slow binocular rivalry in bipolar disorder

Slow binocular rivalry in bipolar disorder

Slower and Less Variable Binocular Rivalry Rates in Patients With Bipolar Disorder, OCD, Major Depression, and Schizophrenia

What happens in the brain of meditators when perception changes but not the stimulus?

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