Abstract:Background:
Over the centuries, our appreciation of beauty has changed, as has the social environment that influences our perspective. Currently we are trying to use measurable instruments to achieve a better aesthetic result in each patient, using as a reference the “golden ratio,” which is found in harmonies of all kinds—in art, nature, architecture, and today, in medicine—to aspire to the ideal proportion.
Methods:
We conducted a survey in which we s… Show more
“… 65 Pérez et al showed survey participants four photoshopped versions of the same model, one with the golden ratio (1.61) and three with other proportions. 66 The picture in which WHR equaled the golden ratio was commonly voted as “the most attractive.” Another demographic analysis of ideal buttocks metrics to help surgery planning revealed the WHR of the most desirable buttocks from the posterior aspect to be 0.65, with 0.60 being the second most attractive ratio. 62 Figure 5 Posterior view with varying WHRs in women.…”
An increasing number of people are opting for cosmetic surgeries. For many years, the physical and aesthetic appearance of Caucasians has been considered to be ideal. However, it is now commonly acknowledged that attractiveness and aesthetic standards vary among cultural backgrounds and ethnic groups and that Western attractiveness criteria no longer apply to all. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive review of studies that examined cultural and ethnic variations in preferences for facial, breast, and gluteal aesthetics, as well as reviewed studies that investigated ethnic disparities in attitudes and motivations for cosmetic surgery. A total of 4532 references were identified, 66 of which met the inclusion criteria. Several studies have reported that facial golden ratios are invalid for representing perceived attractiveness standards among different ethnicities. The majority of studies also indicated that facial aesthetic interventions should not aim to Westernize but to optimize ethnic traits. Significant ethnic differences in preferences for upper- and lower-pole breast proportions have been reported. The size of the buttocks and waist-to-hip ratio were identified as the main factors of buttock aesthetics, with buttock size preferences having a high ethnic diversity. Interest in cosmetic surgical procedures while maintaining ethnic identity continues to grow among young women worldwide. This comprehensive review strongly suggests that accommodating cultural and ethnic differences in aesthetic standards in cosmetic surgery planning can lead to more acceptable cosmetic outcomes.
“… 65 Pérez et al showed survey participants four photoshopped versions of the same model, one with the golden ratio (1.61) and three with other proportions. 66 The picture in which WHR equaled the golden ratio was commonly voted as “the most attractive.” Another demographic analysis of ideal buttocks metrics to help surgery planning revealed the WHR of the most desirable buttocks from the posterior aspect to be 0.65, with 0.60 being the second most attractive ratio. 62 Figure 5 Posterior view with varying WHRs in women.…”
An increasing number of people are opting for cosmetic surgeries. For many years, the physical and aesthetic appearance of Caucasians has been considered to be ideal. However, it is now commonly acknowledged that attractiveness and aesthetic standards vary among cultural backgrounds and ethnic groups and that Western attractiveness criteria no longer apply to all. Herein, we conducted a comprehensive review of studies that examined cultural and ethnic variations in preferences for facial, breast, and gluteal aesthetics, as well as reviewed studies that investigated ethnic disparities in attitudes and motivations for cosmetic surgery. A total of 4532 references were identified, 66 of which met the inclusion criteria. Several studies have reported that facial golden ratios are invalid for representing perceived attractiveness standards among different ethnicities. The majority of studies also indicated that facial aesthetic interventions should not aim to Westernize but to optimize ethnic traits. Significant ethnic differences in preferences for upper- and lower-pole breast proportions have been reported. The size of the buttocks and waist-to-hip ratio were identified as the main factors of buttock aesthetics, with buttock size preferences having a high ethnic diversity. Interest in cosmetic surgical procedures while maintaining ethnic identity continues to grow among young women worldwide. This comprehensive review strongly suggests that accommodating cultural and ethnic differences in aesthetic standards in cosmetic surgery planning can lead to more acceptable cosmetic outcomes.
“…In this sense, the high figures of dissatisfaction with BI found in the sample participants are striking. Only a small proportion wished to larger (people who perceived themselves to be too thin) and a larger percentage of people wished to be thinner, which was probably due to dissatisfaction with the excess of “redundant” skin, and lack of BI reorganization and redefinition demanded by their new physical appearance 50 and the desire for a muscular slim silhouette among men and defined slim silhouette with salient breasts and buttocks among Mexican women 51 .…”
Resumo Objetivo: testar um modelo de autocuidado explicado pela relação entre autoeficácia, imagem corporal, transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo e depressão em pessoas com cirurgia bariátrica na cidade de Tijuana, no México. Método: estudo transversal correlacional realizado entre agosto e dezembro de 2020. Instrumentos validados foram aplicados a 102 participantes para medir sua capacidade de autocuidado, autoeficácia geral, sintomas psicopatológicos, e percepção e satisfação com a imagem corporal. As variáveis de interesse foram analisadas utilizando estatísticas descritivas e correlações de Pearson e Spearman para finalmente desenvolver um modelo utilizando a análise de caminho (path analysis). Resultados: foi obtido um modelo significativo com bons indicadores de bondade de ajuste (qui-quadrado χ 2 (8)= 11,451, p = 0,177; raiz quadrada da média do erro de aproximação (RMSEA)= 0,000; índice de bondade de ajuste (GFI)= 0,965; índice de ajuste comparativo (CFI)= 0,985; índice de ajuste normalizado parcimonioso (PNFI)= 0,509 e critério de informação de Akaike (AIC)= 37,451). A autoeficácia (Zβ= 0,294) e a insatisfação com a imagem corporal (Zβ= -0,376) demonstraram ter um efeito sobre as capacidades de autocuidado, enquanto os sintomas psicopatológicos influenciam a insatisfação corporal: transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (Zβ= 0,370) e depressão (Zβ= 0,320). Conclusão: níveis adequados de autoeficácia e satisfação corporal predizem uma alta capacidade de autocuidado.
“…4 A WHR of 0.65 to 0.70 is consistently considered highly attractive in the modern era. [5][6][7][8] The term "ant waist" is becoming popular for waists that are tiny and attractive. However, it is difficult for some people, such as transgender individuals, to achieve the ideal WHR even after abdominoplasty and buttock lift because of their bony structures.…”
Decreasing waist circumference has become an essential feature in modern body contouring surgery owing to the attractiveness of hourglass body shapes. Traditionally, this can be achieved through lipomodeling and abdominal musculature strengthening techniques. An adjunctive procedure for ideal shaping of the waistline is resection of the 11th and 12th ribs, referred to as floating ribs. This study aimed to report and analyze clinical outcomes and self-reported patient satisfaction after "ant waist" surgery (floating rib removal) for aesthetic reasons. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of five patients who had undergone bilateral 11th and 12th rib resections at a single institute in Taiwan in an outpatient setting. The mean lengths of the resected left and right 11th ribs were 9.1 and 9.5 cm, respectively. The mean lengths of the resected left and right 12th ribs were 6.3 and 6.4 cm, respectively. The mean waist-to-hip ratio decreased from 0.78 preoperatively to 0.72 postoperatively, with a mean decrease of 7.7%. No adverse events were reported. Generally, all patients reported being satisfied with the operation. Floating rib resection proved useful and effective in decreasing the waistto-hip ratio using a safe, simple, and reproducible technique without significant complications. Although preliminarily, the authors' comprehensive demonstration of this ant waist surgery supports further studies focusing on waistline contouring.
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