“…The second research question examined potential differences in MCSE based on counselor characteristics (i.e., recovery status, sex, race, and experience). Historically, recovery status has been an integral part of the addiction counseling profession (Culbreth, 2000; Doukas & Cullen, 2009; Doyle et al., 2008; C. A. Greene, 2015; Hecksher, 2007; White, 2000a). Prior studies have found that a substantial portion of their sample were made up of counselors in recovery (Culbreth, 1999; Knudsen et al., 2006).…”