The Peopling of the Arica Coast During the Preceramic: A Preliminary View

Arriaza, Bernardo; Standen, Vivien G.; Belmonte, Eliana; Roselló, E.; Nials, Fred L.

doi:10.4067/s0717-73562001000100005

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The canyons conveying freshwater from the western slope of the high Andes to the coast across the Atacama Desert are today mostly devoid of surface water, with irrigation of the inner valleys consuming much of the sub-surface water that would otherwise reach the ocean. The present arid environment of the region seems unlikely to support intensive occupation, but palaeoenvironmental reconstructions indicate that there were plentiful water resources available to support human habitation along the coast during the Archaic period (Arriaza et al 2001;Marquet et al 2012;Rivadeneira et al 2010). Particularly favourable environments were located around the estuaries of valleys, as opposed to the coastline that stretches south of the fertile coast, where minimal freshwater sources are available.…”

Section: The Study Region and Sitesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pre-Columbian Fishing on the Coast of the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile: An Investigation of Fish Size and Species Distribution Using Otoliths From Camarones Punta Norte and Caleta Vitor

Disspain

Ulm

Santoro

et al. 2016

The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology

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The bountiful marine resources of the northern Chilean coast offset the extreme aridity of the Atacama Desert in pre-Columbian times, underwriting permanent human occupation, and providing the basis for a long tradition of marine subsistence. We analysed fish otoliths (n=549) recovered from the sites of Camarones Punta Norte (occupied ca 7000-5000 years ago) and Caleta Vitor (occupied ca 9500-300 years ago) to investigate species distribution and changes over time. We also estimated the size of the fish based on relationships between otolith weight and fish total length (TL) obtained from modern samples of the predominant species, Sciaena deliciosa. The estimated size range of S. deliciosa from Caleta Vitor included fish that were significantly larger than those from Camarones Punta Norte, with the maximum TL (970 mm) almost double the modern maximum length documented. The fluctuating abundance of fish species and other marine taxa from Camarones Punta Norte indicates intense but sporadic use of the site over the span of occupation. In contrast, human occupation of the Caleta Vitor estuary is more continuous. Comparisons of the fish assemblages with a nearby contemporaneous site, Quebrada de los Burros in southern Peru, suggest that fishing technologies were similar along this section of the Pacific coast.

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Section: The Study Region and Sitesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pre-Columbian Fishing on the Coast of the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile: An Investigation of Fish Size and Species Distribution Using Otoliths From Camarones Punta Norte and Caleta Vitor

Disspain

Ulm

Santoro

et al. 2016

The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology

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“…Los grupos costeros mantendrían una movilidad recurrente aunque restringida a la costa y los valles interiores, hasta unos 40 km de la costa (Schiappacasse y Niemeyer 1975Standen y Núñez 1984;Muñoz y Arriaza 2006). Esto, sumado a la enorme estabilidad y predictibiliad de recursos que ofrece el mar, y la presencia de grandes cementerios en la costa, ha conducido a plantear a los Chinchorro como una sociedad sedentaria o semisedentaria (Arriaza 1995;Arriaza et al 2001;Standen 2012) y muy territorial (Marquet et al 2012). Las evidencias de violencia intergrupal apreciable en los cuerpos (Standen y Santoro 2009;Standen 2012) y los análisis de variables métricas craneales (Varela et al 2006) evidencian el territorialismo de estos grupos.…”

Section: Movilidad De Cazadores-recolectores Arcaicos En Tierras Bajaunclassified

Óxidos De Manganeso en El Extremo Norte De Chile: Abastecimiento, Producción Y Movilidad Del Color Negro Durante El Período Arcaico

et al. 2013

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La utilización de óxidos de manganeso se evidencia en el extremo norte de Chile desde el periodo Arcaico (ca. 10.500-4.000 cal. a.p.) en tierras bajas (costa y valles) y tierras altas (precordillera y altiplano). En tierras bajas aparece en contextos de cazadoresrecolectores y pescadores Chinchorro, en los procesos de momificación artificial y en cuerpos momificados de forma natural. En tierras altas se encuentra en aleros ocupados por cazadores-recolectores terrestres altoandinos. Adicionalmente, la información geológica existente apunta a que las fuentes de los óxidos de manganeso se encuentran sólo en sectores altoandinos. Con toda esta información, sumado a nuestros resultados obtenidos a partir de análisis físico-químicos de los pigmentos y pinturas de contextos arqueológicos se discute sobre la producción o cadena operativa del color negro a partir del mineral de manganeso, la criptomelana. Adicionalmente, se proponen alternativas interpretativas en torno al abastecimiento y movilidad de los óxidos de manganeso desarrollados por las sociedades arcaicas de la región.Palabras claves: óxidos de manganeso, periodo Arcaico, norte de Chile, producción del color, movilidad. Evidence of the use of manganese oxides in the northernmost area of Chile has been dated as early as the Archaic Period (ca. 11,500-4,000 cal. BP). In the lowland coastal zone and valleys, this material is usually associated with the hunting, gathering and fishing Chinchorro groups that used this substance in the processes of artificial mummification as well as for naturally mummifies corpses. In the highlands, manganese oxide has been identified in rock shelters

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“…For the populations examined here from the semi-arid north of Chile, it appears that the oceanbased diet is a major buffer, and in fact, other scholars of prehistoric Chile have supported this perspective (Arriaza et al 2001;Muñoz 2004). Human occupation in this region spans back hundreds of generations, and such expansive culture history involving the ocean as a centerpiece to daily life indicates that building and passing on knowledge of how to exploit its resources was of paramount importance.…”

Section: Coastal Living Advantages and Exceptionsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The high solar radiation coupled with the high nutrient level and upwelling currents lead to a proliferation of marine flora and fauna, and therefore, this area has been attractive to human settlement for millennia (Ampuero 1994;Muñoz 2004). With the exception of periodic El Niño climate events, this marine ecosystem represents a stable and predictable subsistence resource (Arriaza et al 2001;Grosjean et al 2007;Moseley 1999), providing an abundant source of mollusks, fish, sea birds, and marine mammals.…”

Section: Location and Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Stress Markers and Subsistence Strategy in Prehistoric Chilean Populations of the Semi-Arid North

DiGangi

Gruenthal-Rankin

2019

Chungará (Arica)

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Human skeletal remains from prehistoric Chile's semi-arid north were analyzed using the Western Hemisphere Health Index to ascertain if subsistence change from gathering/hunting to agriculture was accompanied by a decline in physiological stress as measured by common skeletal stress markers for these coastal populations. Individuals analyzed dated to the Archaic (c. 7000 BC-200 AD, n=95) and Diaguita (c. 1000-1536 AD, n=75) periods. The Archaic individuals practiced gathering and hunting subsistence, relying on desert and ocean resources. The Diaguita practiced a subsistence strategy including agriculture, food collecting from the Pacific, and camelid pastoralism. As per health index methodology, seven indicators were scored (stature, linear enamel hypoplasia, dental disease, cribra orbitalia/porotic hyperostosis, infection, degenerative joint disease, and trauma). Results indicated equal health index values for both samples, although there were some differences in individual indicator values. The risk of having any pathology did not increase with age-at-death. Essentially, health as measured by common stress markers did not vary substantially after subsistence change. Such results are further evidence that the hypothesis of a health decline after subsistence change to agriculture is not always demonstrated, and it is important to elucidate what buffering variables beyond diet, to include cultural adaptations, may be at play.

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The Peopling of the Arica Coast During the Preceramic: A Preliminary View

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Pre-Columbian Fishing on the Coast of the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile: An Investigation of Fish Size and Species Distribution Using Otoliths From Camarones Punta Norte and Caleta Vitor

Pre-Columbian Fishing on the Coast of the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile: An Investigation of Fish Size and Species Distribution Using Otoliths From Camarones Punta Norte and Caleta Vitor

Óxidos De Manganeso en El Extremo Norte De Chile: Abastecimiento, Producción Y Movilidad Del Color Negro Durante El Período Arcaico

Skeletal Stress Markers and Subsistence Strategy in Prehistoric Chilean Populations of the Semi-Arid North

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